military
Generally speaking, monks and nuns lived in monasteries or convents, and did very much the same sorts of things other people did in terms of raising food, cleaning, cooking, and so on. They did not have families, but spent their time in prayer and devotion instead.
Many monks and nuns worked at specialized jobs, and there was a wide range of these from tending the sick and making medicine, to making cheese or wine, copying books, singing in choirs, educating people, and providing inns for pilgrims and other travelers, protecting travelers on the road, and even fighting wars.
There are links below.
You can, you can even do it on ebay.
The third commandment is that we should keep the sabbath day holy. We should follow this by going to church.
Until the reign of Constantine, only a fairly small proportion of the Roman Empire's population was Christian, estimated by some to be around ten per cent overall. With the state patronage introduced by Emperor Constantine and the persecution by the Christian emperors of the pagan temples, Christianity began to grow strongly throughout the fourth century. By the end of the century, the faith was important in Europe.
There were doubtless occasions when priests were put in the stocks, but I would imagine they were the exception and this very seldom happened.
Priests were members of clergy. The legal system of the Middle Ages included what was called "benefit of clergy," which provided for clergy to be tried by ecclesiastical courts when they were accused of crimes. Ecclesiastical courts were prohibited from using corporal punishments on several occasions by the popes (a sign it happened from time to time).
Benefit of clergy, by the way, did not only apply to priests, but to all clerics. Today we is envision this as including monks and nuns, but this vision is incomplete. It was rather hard to determine who was a member of the clergy and who was not, so the question was put to a test to determine whether a person qualified, and the test was whether a person was literate to the point of being able to read the 51st Psalm. Under this system, all literate people were clergy, and this included a large number of students, members of nobility, merchants, poets, troubadours, and any scoundrels who had memorized the 51st Psalm.
Pope Innocent III was pope from 1198 to 1216.
The Reverend Canon Geoffrey Seagrave Pearson BA is the Bishop of Lancaster, in the Diocese of Blackburn (as of 26 July 2006)
Medieval literally means "middle age", because it is between ancient western history (Rome, Carthage, Gaul etc) and modern western history (The renaissance and beyond). It became a trend at the start of the 15th century since many scholars of the time believed they were living in a new age
Yes. In Latin, the word "Lucifer", meaning "Light-Bringer" (from lux, lucis, "light", and ferre, "to bear, bring"), is a name for the "Morning Star" (the planet Venus in its dawn appearances)
Monasteries were important because monks schooled people [in them], provided food and rest to travelers, and offered hospital care for the sick. They taught carpentry and weaving and developed better methods of farming. They also helped to preserve knowledge.
Sources:
Journey Across Time [textbook]
Members of courts who wanted to avoid proof of communication commonly sent messengers who had memorized what to say.
They also had a semaphore system called heliography, which was done by using mirrors to reflect sunlight. There were also primitive semaphore systems used on watchtowers. And they used homing pigeons to carry messages.
There are some links below.
Iran, Saudi Arabia...
Take your pick.
There were a number of different types of paintings in churches.
In the chancel and on the altar would be small free-standing pictures of the Saints, which today are called icons - Alexander Neckham gives "A Little Mary and other images" in his list of contents of a church around 1180. The word "icon" was not used in England until much later, but this seems to be what he means.
The walls and ceiling of the church would be decorated with pictures of the Bible stories and the lives of the Saints. Neckham does not mention these paintings by name but we know that all medieval churches had them and there are even depictions from the time of wall-painters at work. It is likely that the Anglo-Norman word image was used to describe these paintings since it is the same one that Neckham uses for the free-standing icons.
Church interiors were also painted with brightly-coloured patterns and blocks of colour; the walls, arches and pillars at Rochester cathedral were originally painted in broad blue, green, yellow and red stripes (no trace remains today).
Throughout most of the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church had a monopoly for religion in western Europe. Few would challenge the Church for fear of eternal damnation.
Those the Church wished to punish could be excommunicated, which meant the disgrace of being unable to be buried in the church cemetery, as well as being thought to suffer an eternity in hell. The church often also referred those it regarded as criminals to the secular authorities for trial and appropriate punishment, thus relieving the clergy of the stain of blood on their hands. Any secular ruler who failed to implement the wishes of the church in these matters would himself risk punishment by the Church. Thus, the Catholic Church was feared absolutely.
When it was in the interests of the Church to do so, it could invite one ruler to invade another kingdom in order to eliminate a troublesome king, under the promise of the right to annexe territory. The Catholic Church eventually eliminated the troublesome Cathar non-Catholic sect in what is now southern France, by inviting the king of France to invade and annexe the Cathar territory. Thousand of western Christians heeded the Church's call for Crusades in the Holy Land, although the motivation was often for plunder, adventure and sport.
On the other hand, the Catholic Church held to itself the sole right to try or punish its own clergy. After the end of the Roman Empire, even the most powerful kings were not able to move against members of the clergy who challenged them or committed crimes against the secular laws.
The Church built up huge landholdings, worked by serfs or slaves, and its wealth was greater than any one kingdom.
Generally, a convent is for nuns and a monastery for monks.
Middle Ages clothing and fashion, including the Medieval Kings Clothing, like everything else was dictated by the Pyramid of Power which was the Middle Ages Feudal System. Medieval clothes provided information about the status of the person wearing them. The clothing and fashion during the Medieval era of the Middle Ages was dominated and highly influenced by the Kings and Queens of the era. Only the wealthy could dress in fashionable clothes.
The Eastern Church was unaware of this addition at the time as Carthage was not an Ecumenical Council and it became a block to the unification of the Patriarchates of the East with that of the West.
There are no 'holy' people in Buddhism. Many people in Taiwan practise a syncretic religion of which Buddhist practice only forms a small part. However, in recent times Tibetan Buddhism has been gaining popularity.
monasteries I guess
In the wild, eels eat such animals as octopuses and fish. In captivity, though, eels will eat almost any meaty food including:
-live fish
-shrimp
-squid and
-chopped fish
In the wild, squid is a delicacy, so be sure to give your eel some once in a while.
Also, be careful when feeding them! Eels have poor eyesight, and might mistake your fingers for a tasty morsel of food!
Ells eat small fish,insect,plantsin the ocean.They are also found in the Atlantic ocean,pacific,and Indian ocean.
eel's eat other sea creature smaller then them, they are omnivores so they also eat plants. It depends on the eels...most are bottom feeders...which means they eat anything that drops on the bottom of the tank...some eat feeder,glassworms,tubifex worms, plankton and krill. Freswater eels can be notoriuosly hard to get to eat.
an eel eats plankton
seaweed
plankton and fish.
eels will eat octupuses and live fish. But in captivity, they will eat shrimp, squid, and chopped fish.
road kill.
Small fishes
an eel eats plankton
because back then everyone hated jews
The kings of England had large holdings in France after the Norman Invasion put the Duke of Normandy on the English throne. In the time of Louis VII of France, Henry II of England actually controlled more of France than Louis VII did. In time, the kings of England came to claim rightful ownership of the throne of France, and this precipitated the Hundred Years War, in which Joan of Arc played such an important role. This war ended at just about the end of the Middle Ages.
There is a link to an article on the Hundred Years War below.
Nun is a contraction of the word renunciant. However, they are more commonly referred to as sisters in the church.
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