Soviet Union (USSR)

turkey

They took advantage of Germany's flanks, which were poorly guarded by Romania and Italy. Once the flanks were out of the way, they blocked supply routes and essentially surrounded the 6th Army within Stalingrad. In the end, though, 2 things helped the Russians win the battle - the bitter cold of a Russian Winter (that Hitler had failed to take into account though it had been the same thing that stopped Napoleon from capturing Russia more than a century earlier) and their resilience. Even when the German's controlled 90% of the city in the early stages of the battle, the Red Army refused to surrender and resorted to house-to-house combat.

to stay ahead

because there was never any actual fighting. Since there was no fighting, it was cold It was just both sides nervousness of the other.

The Soviet govt did not allow criticism of its policies & heavily censored media & commentary w/in the country.

USSR ended in 1991 because of: - Bad economy

- Bad Leadership

- Afghan war

- Falling of Berlin wall

- Government not liked by the public

Puppet, subservient governments along with large secret police organisations and huge networks of informers(of which east Germany's was particularly famously large). When that failed (as in the Czech and Hungarian uprisings) the good ole' red army and its endless supplies of tanks and troops soon put an end to any rebellions. on a side note, i think it was in Hungary where the Russians extended the central square of budapest so that in any future rebellions they would be able to drop paratroopers directly into the city centre.

It will give more men and more resources to fight enemy.It also creates a psychological effect on enemy that russia is not alone and enemy has to fight also with russian allies.

Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, Czecholavakia, East Germany, Bulgaria, Rumania, and Albania. Yugoslavia was under control of Marshal Tito and remained independent of Moscow, despite being an ardent Communist. Rumania, in the 1950's, was committed to an independent foreign policy under the leadership of Cechescu and his wife.

1991

In WW2 the Germans got as far as Stalingrad in the south, and the Caucasus mountains, just north of Grozny. Leningrad was besieged in the north, & Moscow was not reached. Essentially Stalingrad was as far as the Germans got, at the end of 1942.

Gorbachev's Perestroika failed, and it is believed that it started the initial dissolution of the Soviet Union. The Baltic Republics rose up and organized because of Glastnost to overthrow the Union.

Jimmy Carter

The Russians, the major power in the USSR joined Britain after the Germany attacked them around 1942, not sure on the year, after they agreed to work together. Germany always planned to take over Russia but needed their help at the start of the war, they thought that Russians were lower people, just like the thoughts about the jews. Germany thought that the Russians wouldn't be able to stop an attack from Germany so they waited for the correct time. The reason why Britain allied with the Russians was it was a major power and needed their help to make sure that Germany would lose the war, however they never truly trusted them.

It was always communist. That was the basic foundation for the whole system of government. it was Imperial Russia until the two revolutions in 1917. firstly in February when the middle classes in the Duma (the puppet parliament) overthrew the Tsar, Nicholas II. they set up a government known as the Provisional government but was unpopular as they wanted to continue in WW1 so the Bolsheviks (communists) overthrew the government and took control themselves. That is the beginnings of the Soviet Union.

Idfk

In many ways, the Soviet Union collapsed of it's own weight, having spent so much of it's budget on military buildup, for decades. Of course, getting mired in their war against Afghanistan, which received massive covert funding from the United States did not help the Soviets much either. It even resulted in a sort of generational distrust of the old Soviet guard by the younger military members. Just like Vietnam did to the United States, with our protests and our generation gap.

Afghanistan was a major drain on Soviet money, military personnel and equipment. It was their version of what happened to the United States in Vietnam. In this modern age of instant satellite media, it was also becoming harder to control everyone's news intake. American president Ronald Reagan dared the Soviet Union to tear down the Iron Curtain (by association, the Berlin Wall). By the end of the 1980's, the Soviet Union was going sour. Reformation efforts by acting leader Mikhail Gorbachev further pushed things over the edge for the old Soviet ways, which were being replaced by his "'Glasnost" movement.

The world was electrified when the Soviet Union flew the old Russian flag over the Kremlin, and the Berlin Wall came down.

because the soviet economy was in serious trouble

A peasant is a farmer. Most peasants were poor, and most worked land owned by someone else, but not all.

Poor peasants who worked the land of lords are most commonly referred to as serfs. Serfs did not pay rent, and were required to provide labor for the lord. They also were not free to move away from the manor on which they worked, though they were not slaves. They had some important rights that provided for their security, and they could not legally be forced to leave the manor unless they broke a law or failed to do their duties. Serfs were also called villeins.

Certain serfs who had fewer rights were called cottagers or bordars, though the exact legal situation of bordars may not be entirely understood.

Some medieval societies allowed slavery, but not all.

Freemen worked land they rented, and they had contracts like leases.

Yeomen were peasants who owned their own land. They did not owe duties to a lord, but had to be prepared for military service as archers (at least in England).

There were no US soviets, the US have senates.

Soviet union leader is not president, it's "general secretary of Central Comitee of Soviet Union Communist Party". In 1953-1966, instead "general secretary" used "first secretary".

Iosif Stalin (until 1953)

Nikita Hrushev (1953-1964)

Leonid Brezhnev (1964-1982)

Uriy Andropov (1982-1984)

Konstantin Chernenko (1984-1985)

Michail Gorbachev (1985-1991)

Buran.

That was the name of their main useable one. (Got destroyed when a roof collapsed on it.)

The Venera (Венера in Cyrillic)series of probes was launched by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984.

Stalin changed the lives of the Soviet Union citizens positively by providing widespread education and free healthcare.

However he focused on heavy industry, not consumer good production, and availability of food and clothing declined, making lives of citizens worse.

They threatoned each other, made each other look foolish, basicly using words as weapons. Both sides were afraid of fighting directly, so they aproched this "war" by taking an indirect direction.