Soviet Union (USSR)

After 1991, the USSR ceased to exist. The 15 countries that made up the USSR (Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikstan, Turkemistan and Kyrgystan) declared independence.

About 1/2 of the population of the USSR lived in Russia, so often when people talk about the "History of Russia", they follow the fate of Russia after the union dissolved. So the person you're interested in is Boris Yeltsin, who became the President of the newly-independent Russia.

Yes, they nominally supported the Loyalists against the Fascist coup, especially since Communist movements were being brutally suppressed by the Fascists following the coup in 1936. But they also supported various factions at the expense of other groups, and their aid was in any event too little to defeat Franco's forces, who had substantial support from Germany and Italy.

Mikhail Gorbachev was a key player in the eventual deconstruction of communism.

Red Army WWII: Enlisted: 1. Private 2. Efreitor 3a. Mladshij serjant 3b. Serjant 4. Starshij serjant 5. Starshina Officers: 7a. Mladshij lejtenant 7b. Lejtenant 8. Starshij Lejtenant 9. Kapitan 10. Major 11. Podpolkovnik 12. Polkovnik 13. General-major 14. General-lejtenant 15. General-polkovnik 16. General armii 17. Marshal of the Soviet Union

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By assassinating and imprisoning his political enemies

The Soviet Union exploded their first atomic bomb for multiple reasons. Firstly, they wished to test their nuclear capabilities, and further refine their nuclear weapons. Secondly, they wished to say to the world, 'We have nuclear weapons!' This would allow them to have an extra bargaining chip in world discussions, and weakened the bargaining power of the US' nuclear weapons.

Italians and Romanians guarding it's flanks. Eventually however the training and discipline of the 6th army enabled it to capture 90% of the city. To end the stalemate Soviet high command launched Operation Uranus to break the stalemate. The plan which had been secret for months was able able to crush the the Italian and Hungarian forces guarding the German flanks. The eventually outcome was the encirclement of the 6th army and 5000 man Croatian Legion, and the virtual destruction of the Italian and Romanian forces. Von Paulus the German commander wanted to break out of the encirclement but Hitler would not let him and vowed that the Germans would never leave the city.The entire 6th army was not encircled at Stalingrad around 50,000 were pushed outside the pocket. Another 42,000 were flown out by transport plane. The battle ended with 117,000 Germans soldiers killed or missing and another 91,000 taken prisoner. Hoth's Fourth Panzer Army which attempted to relieve the Sixth army suffered 40,000 casualties.

Lenin was the leader of the Bolshevik party and played a big part in overthrowing the Russian Monarchy in 1917.

He also created the first communist nation the USSR.

stalin took over after he died.

The motto of Soviet Union is 'Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!'.

Yes, both the Soviet Union and China acknowledge the moon landings to be real. Georgy Petrov, Director of the Soviet Institute of Space Research, called the Apollo landings an "outstanding achievement," and Soviet Academy of Sciences President Msitislav V. Keldysh refered to the landing as "a big contribution to space exploration and further progress of world science." Following the success of Apollo 11, President Nixon received a telegram from Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Nikolai V. Podgorny offering "our congratulations and best wishes to the space pilots."

In the past controlling the lands was key to victory. Then controlling the seas was key to victory. Then controlling the sky was the key to victory. After the ATOMIC AGE came in 1945...controlling outer space became the new key for obtaining victory.

The total losses amount to 26,530,057 people. Of these, 11,285,057 loss of soldiers killed or missing in action (including 2 million who died in captivity), 15,245,000 civilian losses from all causes.

Both were large countries with large populations, and military structures in excess of what was needed for peacetime. Both had nuclear arsenals capable of destroying the world several times over. Great Britain, France, and the People's Republic of China also had nuclear weapons, but nothing to compare with the US and Soviet Union. China had the largest populaion of all, but lacked the ability to strike anywhere in the world.

The capital of Russia was moved from Petrograd to Moscow during World War I because Petrograd was too close to the front lines. It was less vulnerable to a push by the Germany army than was Moscow because Moscow was much farther away from the fighting and possible capture. Immediately after the October Revolution, Lenin began negotiations with Germany to end Russia's involvement in World War I, but he was really stalling hoping the Allies would win the war before he had to make concessions to Germany in return for peace. Germany tired of Lenin's tactics, resumed hostilities and made an offensive straight for Petrograd hoping to remove the Bolsheviks from control and install a government friendly to Germany.

during world war 1 the Russians had a war. it was between the comunist Russians and the Russians. regular Russians were white communiost were red. the communists one.then russia began to take over smaller countries around it such as the ucrane and Mongolia. they were all together and it became the ussr

Very likely one of the major factors that played a role in the collapse of the Soviet Union was discontent. People in the Soviet Union saw that communism was not working and the entire system was unfair to the rank and file worker.

Oh, yes. The Soviets had very large resources. Look at it the other way round: Would the Nazis still have lost the war if they had won Stalingrad - the answer has to be yes, they would have come to a halt somewhere not much further on and then the Soviets would have fought back and regained the ground. By the way, that should have been 'HAVE won', not 'OF won' in your question.

- (1964) - 1982: Leonid Brezniev;

- 1982 - 1984: Yuri Andropov;

- 1984 - 85: Constantin Tshernyenko;

- 1985 - (1991...?): Michail Ghorbatchov

Both. However, it was never really an Axis-power, despite the fact that it maintained basically an 'I will help you' pact with the Axis-powers. It later went to the allies' side when Hitler betrayed and invaded the USSR.

Germany : Operation Barbarossa was the German invasion of Russia .

mikhail gorbachev

WARSAW PACT
Bulgaria
Romania
East Germany
Czechoslovakia
Poland
Hungary
Albania (expelled 1968)

OTHER ALLIES
Yugoslavia (until 1953)
North Korea (until 1966)
China (until 1966)
Laos
Vietnam
Cambodia/Kampuchea
Afghanistan
Cuba
Mozambique
Ethiopia
Angola
Togo
Congo
Somalia (1977-78 only)

The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact was a Non-aggression act between the two which allowed Germany to attack Poland without fear of retaliation from the Soviet Union. In fact, the Soviets took portions of Eastern Poland for itself.