• Anomalous Transport Rocket Experiment (ATREX) - five consecutive launches, 80 seconds apart on March 27, 2012, studied the high-altitude jet stream .[6][7]

• Biosatellite 1, 2 and 3
• Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)

- Earth Observing System[8]

• Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)
• NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) - National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS)[9]
• Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS)

• Echo 1 and 2

- Great Observatories

• Chandra X-ray Observatory
• Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
• Hubble Space Telescope - ESApartnership
• Spitzer Space Telescope (formerly known as the Space Infrared Telescope Facility, SIRTF)

- High Energy Astronomy Observatory program

• High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1 (HEAO 1)
• Einstein Observatory (HEAO 2) first fully imaging X-ray telescope
• High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3 (HEAO 3)

• Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE)
• Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS)

- Landsat program[10]

• Landsat 1
• Landsat 2
• Landsat 3
• Landsat 4
• Landsat 5
• Landsat 6
• Landsat 7
• Landsat Data Continuity Mission

- Living With a Star

• Van Allen Probes - Twin probes studying the Van Allen radiation belt [11][12]

• Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)
• Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR)

- New Millennium Program (NMP)

• Earth Observing-1 (EO-1)
• Space Technology 5 (ST5)
• Space Technology 6 (ST6)

• NanoSail-D& NanoSail-D2
• Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO)

- Origins program

• Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)
• Keplersearching for Earth-sized exoplanets in the habitable zone

• Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms(THEMIS)

- Small Explorer program (SMEX)[13]

• Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM)
• Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer (FAST)
• Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX)
• Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX)
• Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) - X-raytelescope orbiting Earth[14][15]
• Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) - Sun observing, Earth satellite
• Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (SAMPEX)
• Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS)
• Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) - Sun observing, Earth satellite
• Wide Field Infrared Explorer (WIRE)

- Solar Terrestrial Probes program

• Hinode(Solar-B)
• Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED)

• Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers (TWINS)
• Uhuru
• Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)

• Clementine
• Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) [16]

-Lunar Orbiter program

• Lunar Orbiter 1
• Lunar Orbiter 2
• Lunar Orbiter 3
• Lunar Orbiter 4
• Lunar Orbiter 5

- Lunar Precursor Robotic Program (LPRP)

• Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS)
• Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)

• Lunar Prospector
• Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) - instrument for ISRO'sChandraayan-1

-Pioneer program

• Pioneer 0
• Pioneer 1
• Pioneer 2
• Pioneer P-1
• Pioneer P-3
• Pioneer P-30
• Pioneer P-31
• Pioneer 3
• Pioneer 4

- Ranger program

• Ranger 1
• Ranger 2
• Ranger 3
• Ranger 4
• Ranger 5
• Ranger 6
• Ranger 7
• Ranger 8
• Ranger 9

- Surveyor program

• Surveyor 1
• Surveyor 2
• Surveyor 3
• Surveyor 4
• Surveyor 5
• Surveyor 6
• Surveyor 7

- Mariner program

• Mariner 4
• Mariner 6 and 7
• Mariner 8
• Mariner 9

- Mars Exploration Rovers

• Spiritrover
• Opportunityrover

• Mars Global Surveyor
• Mars Odyssey

- Mars Pathfinder

• Sojournerrover

- Mars Polar Lander

• Deep Space 2 (DS2) - (sub-surface probes)

• Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

- Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)

• Curiosityrover

- Mars Scout program

• Phoenix

- Viking program

• Viking 1
• Viking 2

• Deep Impact(primary) - EPOXI(extended)
• Deep Space 1 (DS1) - first spacecraft propelled by an Ion thruster
• Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous - Shoemaker (NEAR Shoemaker) - close study of 433 Eros
• Stardust - follow-up for Deep Impact's primary mission to 9P/Tempel

• Cassini-Huygens- Saturnand its moons
• Dawn - Vestain 2011-2012, and Ceres in 2015
• Galileo - Jupiterand its moons
• Magellan(Venus Radar Mapper)

- Mariner program - Venus

• Mariner 1
• Mariner 2
• Mariner 5
• Mariner 10 - first to Mercury

• MESSENGER - first to orbit Mercury

- New Frontiers program

• Juno Spacecraft Mission - Jupiter-bound for polar orbitin 2016[17]
• New Horizons - Pluto and its moons in 2015

- Pioneer program

• Pioneer 5 - interplanetary space between Earth and Venus
• Pioneer 6, 7, 8, and 9 - Solar wind, solar magnetic field and cosmic rays
• Pioneer 10 - first to the asteroid beltand Jupiter
• Pioneer 11 - asteroid beltand Jupiter, first to Saturn
• Pioneer Venus project

- Voyager program

• Voyager 1 - Jupiter, Saturn
• Voyager 2 - Jupiter, Saturn, first to Uranusand Neptune

• Genesis - returned sample of solar wind

- Living With a Star

• Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)

• Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) - ESApartnership
• Solar Maximum Mission (SolarMax)

- Solar Terrestrial Probes program

• Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO)

• Ulysses (spacecraft) - ESApartnership

• Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) →Major mission of the Explorer program.
• AIM: Aeronomy of Ice in the MesosphereAIM's two-year mission is to study Polar Mesospheric Clouds, the Earth's highest clouds, which form an icy membrane 50 miles above the surface at the edge of space.
• AquaAqua, Latin for water, is a NASA Earth Science satellite mission named for the large amount of information that the mission will be collecting about the Earth's water cycle.
• AquariusThe Aquarius/SAC-D mission launched on June 10, 2011 on a mission to map ocean salinity.
• ARCTASArctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites
• ARTEMISARTEMIS: Studying the Moon's Interaction With the Sun
• Astro-E2/SuzakuThe Suzaku mission is a joint effort of JAXA and NASA designed to discover more about the x-ray universe.
• Aura MissionA mission dedicated to the health of Earth's atmosphere.
• CALIPSOCALIPSO will provide the next generation of climate observations, drastically improving our ability to predict climate change and to study the air we breathe.
• Cassini-Huygens MissionUnlocking the secrets of Saturn.
• Chandra X-ray ObservatoryNASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory probes the mysteries of space with unprecedented x-ray images that help to unravel the structure and evolution of the universe.
• CINDICINDI will study the elements that influence space weather near Earth's equator.
• CloudSatCloudSat's cloud-profiling radar is 1,000 times more sensitive than typical weather radar and can detect clouds and distinguish between cloud particles and precipitation.
• Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS) →CHIPS uses an extreme ultraviolet spectrograph to study the "Local Bubble" surrounding our Solar System.
• Cluster ESA/NASA Mission →The four Cluster spacecraft carry out 3D measurements in the Earth's Magnetosphere.
• Commercial Space TransportationNASA is shepherding efforts in the private sector to develop safe, affordable and reliable space transportation systems.
• Curiosity, the Mars Science LaboratoryLanding in August 2012, the rover will assess whether Mars ever was, or is still, an environment able to support microbial life.
• DawnDawn launched in September, becoming the first spacecraft ever planned to orbit two different bodies after leaving Earth. The spacecraft will orbit Vesta and Ceres, two of the largest asteroids in the solar system.
• Earth Probe Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (EP-TOMS) →Earth Probe Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (EP-TOMS), along with the Ozone Monitoring Instrument onboard AURA, are currently the only NASA spacecraft on orbit specializing in ozone retrieval.
• Earth Observing-1 →As the first New Millennium Program Earth Observing Mission, EO-1 has validated advanced land imaging and unique spacecraft technologies.
• EPOXINASA's EPOXI mission successfully flew by comet Hartley 2 at about 10 a.m. EDT, Nov. 4, 2010. Hartley 2 is the fifth comet nucleus visited by a spacecraft.
• Fermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeThe Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope, or GLAST) will answer questions about supermassive black hole systems, pulsars and the origin of cosmic rays.
• Fire and SmokeNASA satellites, aircraft, and research know-how have created a wealth of cutting-edge tools to help firefighters battle wildfires.
• GALEXMapping the history of star formation in the universe.› Galaxy Evolution Explorer
• GOES-NGOES-N is the latest in a series of satellites that provide a constant vigil for the atmospheric "triggers" for severe weather conditions such as tornadoes and hurricanes.
• GOES-OThe Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-O represents the newest generation of environmental satellites.
• GOES-PThe Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-P represents the newest generation of environmental satellites.
• GOES-R →GOES-R, a collaborative program between NASA and NOAA, will result in more timely and accurate weather forecasts. The first launch of n the series is scheduled for 2015.
• Geotail Mission →A mission to study the tail of Earth's magnetosphere.
• Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM)This international satellite mission will set a new standard for precipitation measurements from space, providing observations of rain and snow worldwide every three hours. The GPM mission data will advance our understanding of the water and energy cycles and extend the use of precipitation data to directly benefit society.
• Gravity Probe BThis mission is the relativity gyroscope experiment developed by NASA and Stanford University to test two unverified predictions of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity.
• Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment →The twin satellites are making detailed measurements of Earth's gravity field to learn more about gravity and Earth's natural systems.
• GRAIL, the Gravity Recovery and Interior LaboratoryThe Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory mission will create the most accurate gravitational map of the moon to date.
• Hayabusa (MUSES-C) →Hayabusa (MUSES-C) is Japan's asteroid sample return mission.
• HerschelThe Herschel Space Observatory is a space-based telescope that will study the Universe by the light of the far-infrared and submillimeter portions of the spectrum.
• High Energy Transient Explorer-2 (HETE-2) Mission →HETE-2 is a small scientific satellite designed to detect and localize gamma-ray bursts.
• Hinode (Solar B)A collaboration between the space agencies of Japan, the United States, United Kingdom and Europe, Hinode's mission is to investigate the interaction between the sun's magnetic field and its corona.
• Hubble Space TelescopeLearn how Hubble has expanded our knowledge of the cosmos.
• HurricanesLatest storm images and data from NASA.
• IBEXA mission to achieve the first global observations of the region beyond the termination shock at the very edge of our solar system.
• Ice Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite (ICEsat) Mission →The ICESat mission will provide multi-year elevation data regarding ice sheet mass balance as well as cloud property information, especially for stratospheric clouds common over polar areas.
• International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) →INTEGRAL is the most sensitive gamma-ray observatory ever launched.
• International Space StationAboard the International Space Station, astronauts work to improve life on Earth and extend life beyond our home planet.
• Jason →Jason-1 is the first follow-on to the highly successful TOPEX/Poseidon mission that measured ocean surface topography.
• JunoBeneath its clouds, Jupiter holds secrets about our solar system's early history. Juno will endeavor to unlock these secrets.
• KeplerNASA's search for habitable planets.
• Landsat →The Landsat Program is a series of Earth-observing satellite missions jointly managed by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey.
• LCROSSThe LCROSS mission's objective is to confirm the presence or absence of water ice in a permanently shadowed crater at the moon's South Pole.
• LRO: Lunar Reconnaissance OrbiterThe LRO mission objectives are to find safe landing sites, locate potential resources, characterize the radiation environment, and demonstrate new technology.
• Lunar Quest ProgramNASA's Lunar Quest Program is a multi-element program consisting of flight missions, instruments for lunar missions of opportunity, as well as research and analysis efforts.
• Mars Express →Mission to search for subsurface water from orbit.
• Mars Exploration RoversRovers Spirit and Opportunity explore the Martian landscape.
• Mars Odyssey →This orbiter is mapping the mineralogy and morphology of the Martian surface.
• Mars Reconnaissance OrbiterThe mission will determine whether long-standing bodies of water ever existed on Mars.
• Mars Science LaboratoryScheduled to land on Mars in early August 2012, the rover will assess whether Mars ever was, or is still today, an environment able to support microbial life.
• Mercury, Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER) MissionMESSENGER will study Mercury, the closest planet to the Sun.
• Mini-RFThe Mini-RF project will fly two radar instruments to the moon to map the lunar poles, search for water ice, and to demonstrate future NASA communication technologies.
• Moon Mineralogy Mapper →Aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, whose technology mission has been completed successfully and now embarks on a scientific mission.
• NEEMONEEMO provides a convincing analog to space exploration, and its crew experiences some of the same challenges underwater as they would in space.
• New HorizonsNew Horizons began its journey across the solar system to conduct flyby studies of Pluto and its moon.
• NOAA Environmental SatellitesNOAA-N is the latest in a series of polar-orbiting satellites, that will collect information to improve weather prediction and climate research across the globe.
• NOAA-N PrimeNOAA-N Prime will provide a polar-orbiting platform to support environmental monitoring instruments for imaging and measuring Earth's atmosphere and sea surface temperature.
• NuSTARNuSTAR launched June 13, beginning its mission to search for black holes, map supernova explosions, and study the most extreme active galaxies.
• Ocean Surface Topography Mission/Jason 2The joint NASA-French satellite will help scientists better monitor and understand rises in global sea level, study the world's ocean circulation and its links to Earth's climate.
• Operation Ice BridgeOperation Ice Bridge, a six-year NASA field campaign, is the largest airborne survey of Earth's polar ice ever flown. It will yield a three-dimensional view of Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets, ice shelves and sea ice.
• Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2NASA's first mission dedicated to studying atmospheric carbon dioxide moves a step closer to reality.
• PlanckPlanck will provide a map of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) field.
• Polar Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) →POES is a cooperative effort between NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the United Kingdom and France.
• Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) →RHESSI's primary mission is to explore the basic physics of particle acceleration and explosive energy release in solar flares.
• Rosetta Mission →Rosetta will orbit comet 67P and accompany it on its journey to the Sun.
• Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) Mission →RXTE is a satellite that observes the fast-moving, high-energy worlds of black holes, neutron stars, X-ray pulsars and bursts of X-rays that light up the sky and then disappear forever.
• SERVIRThe SERVIR initiative integrates satellite observations, ground-based data and forecast models to monitor and forecast environmental changes.
• SMART 1 →SMART 1's two part mission will test new technologies and explore darker regions of the Moon's south pole for the first time.
• SOFIASOFIA is an airborne observatory that will complement the Hubble, Spitzer, Herschel and Webb space telescopes, as well as Earth-based telescopes.
• Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)SOHO, designed to study the sun, from its deep core to its outer corona, is a cooperative program between ESA and NASA.
• Solar Dynamics Observatory (sdo)The Solar Dynamics Observatory began its mission on Feb. 11, 2010, in an effort to help us understand the sun's influence on Earth.
• Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) →A NASA-sponsored satellite mission that will provide state-of-the-art measurements of incoming x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, and total solar radiation.
• Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO)STEREO continues its mission to capture 3D images of the sun.
• Small Satellite MissionsSmall satellite missions provide NASA with valuable opportunities to test emerging technologies and economical commercial off-the-shelf components, which may be useful in future space missions.
• Spitzer Space TelescopeNASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, studying the universe in infared.
• Stardust-NExTExploring Comet Tempel 1
• Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) →A mission that was designed to study the chemical composition of interstellar gas clouds.
• Suomi NPPThe mission of Suomi NPP is to foster the understanding, monitoring and prediction of long-term climate change and short-term weather conditions
• SuzakuThe Suzaku mission is a joint effort of JAXA and NASA designed to discover more about the x-ray universe.
• SwiftThe Swift mission seeks to tell us more about gamma-ray bursts, the most powerful explosions in the universe.
• TacSat-2TacSat-2 features 11 onboard experiments, which will be conducted during the spacecraft's planned six to 12-month mission.
• TerraTerra is a multi-national, multi-disciplinary partnership between the U.S., Canada and Japan that is an important part of helping us better understand and protect our home planet.
• THEMISThe 2-year mission of Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions During Substorms (THEMIS) is to track these violent, colorful eruptions near the North Pole.
• Thermospere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics Mission (TIMED) →The TIMED mission is studying the influences of the Sun and humans on the least explored region of Earth's atmosphere.
• Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) →This system of satellites and ground stations makes up a portion of the Space Network and provides mission services for near Earth satellites and orbiting vehicles.
• Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4)The TC4 study will tackle challenging questions about Earth's ozone layer and climate using coordinated observations from satellites and high-flying NASA airplanes.
• Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) →TRMM is a joint mission between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency designed to monitor and study tropical rainfall.
• Voyager - The Interstellar MissionVoyager 1 and Voyager 2 journey to study the region in space where the Sun's influence ends and the dark recesses of interstellar space begin.
• WISE: Wide-field Infrared Survey ExplorerWISE will study the solar system, Milky Way and universe. Among the objects WISE will study are asteroids, the coolest and dimmest stars and the most luminous galaxies.
• Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) →A mission to take the first full sky picture of the early Universe.
• Wind Mission →A mission to investigate the solar wind and its impact on the near-Earth environment.
• XMM-Newton →The Mirror Modules on this x-ray observatory allow XMM-Newton to detect millions of sources, far more than any previous X-ray mission.