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Bleeding Kansas

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After Lincoln's election to President of the United States, the Southern States became aware that the former, though tiny majority existing in the Congress, which assured a certain balance between North and South had vanished.

They feared that they would have been subjected to a hostile majority in the Congress and therefore condemned to the role of a "tolerated minority" with but little chance to defend and maintain their way of life and their economic interests from the rapacious greed of the Northern industrial and capitalist establishments, allied with the farmers of the Midwest and the freesoilers eager to claim new lands.

This feeling led to the secession in spite of Lincoln's wide assurances, expressed in his inaugural address, that is....."It seems that there is a feeling of apprehension among the population of the Southern States that, following the advent of a Republican government, their property, their peace and their personal safety have to be threatened. There has never been any reasonable cause for such concern.....I declare that I have no intention to interfere whether directly nor indirectly in the institution of slavery in those States where it exists. I think that I have no legal right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so."

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