No, it is always true
sometimes true (when the rational numbers are the same)
It is a rational number.
Yes.
The sum of two rational numbers is rational.From there, it follows that the sum of a finite set of rational numbers is also rational.
The sum of any finite set of rational numbers is a rational number.
Such a sum is always rational.
Always true. (Never forget that whole numbers are rational numbers too - use a denominator of 1 yielding an improper fraction of the form of all rational numbers namely a/b.)
Never.
Because both of those numbers are rational. The sum of any two rational numbers is rational.
No - the sum of any two rational numbers is still rational:
Since the sum of two rational numbers is rational, the answer will be the same as for the sum of an irrational and a single rational number. It is always irrational.
They are always rational.