Dojang is the common name used to describe a Korean martial arts training hall / school.
No one "assigned" taekwondo as a Korean martial art. Taekwondo was developed by Koreans for Koreans in Korea.
Do jang is a Korean term. It refers to the school where the martial art is taught. In Japanese it is a dojo.
There is no particular type of martial arts shown in these films.
In order to learn how to do taekwondo, you would an instructor. This is a systematic type of martial arts that has its origin in Korean. It teaches fighting skills as well discipline.
The Korean word for the martial arts school is the do jang. There are many of them around the word and they all vary according to the instructor and the school. In Japanese it is a dojo.
They are martial arts from Asia. Karate is from Okinawa, and influenced the Korean art of Taekwondo.
Tang soo do. It is a Korean art and is a predecessor to Taekwondo.
No. Black belts are typically found in Japanese and Korean martial arts. Some Chinese martial arts use colored sashes, and some martial arts use no rank at all - except for delineating student and teacher. Many non-eastern martial arts, Boxing, Savate, Fencing - may use different types of rankings based on organization.
None. All martial arts involve the use of hands and the entire body.
The Korean term for knife hand is "sonkal" (μμΉΌ). It is a hand technique commonly used in martial arts such as Taekwondo.
Not sure of the specific martial art, but it is more likely the other way around, according to the oral traditions of the martial arts. The Buddadharma was an Indian Prince, trained in the Indian Martial Arts before he travelled to China and taught the techniques to the monks.