beginning retained earnings +net income+dividends

No. Retained Earnings appears in the Equity section of the Balance Sheet.

Retained earnings are non distributed profit part and hence a liability of the company to payback to the owners of company on case of dissolution that's why retained earning is liability and not the asset.

Retained

Retained earnings are the profit of previous fiscal years and liability of business to return back to it's owner so it has a credit balance as of all liability accounts.