A territory under the control of Another Country is called a colony.
That can be classified as an annexation or an invasion or both.
Depending on the context, it could be a territory or a colony.
Spain. That is why they are called "Spanish."
Oklahoma
There was no country called Gaul in Roman times. The present day connotation "Gaul" is considered to be the country of France. However in Roman times "Gaul" was a vast territory stretching from northern Italy and beyond. The territory called Gaul was/has been divided into several present day countries.
territory
That can be classified as an annexation or an invasion or both.
It is called ceding or transferring territory.
An area owned by another country is called a territory or colony. It is governed and administered by the owning country, often maintaining political and economic ties to the colonizing nation.
a colony (of the country that rules it)
Commonwealth
It is called annexation when one country takes over another country and incorporates it into its own territory without the consent of the other country.
A small country inside another country is typically referred to as an enclave. This means that the smaller country is surrounded by the territory of the larger country.
Imperialism
A region ruled by a country is typically referred to as a territory or a colony, depending on the level of control exerted by the ruling country.
The forcible takeover of another country is called an "invasion" or "military invasion." This act often involves the use of armed forces to occupy territory and can lead to a change in government or political control. Such actions are typically condemned by the international community and may violate international law.
One country's control over another is typically referred to as imperialism or colonialism, where a more powerful country exerts influence, control, or authority over a less powerful country or region.