Assuming you mean a 0.5 solar mass star.
See related question.
About 10 billion years. That's the time estimated for our Sun - it has already existed for some 5 billion years, and will continue shining for another 5 billion years.
On the main sequence.
None of those is a main sequence star.
Most stars are on the main sequence; that includes red dwarves. Specifically, in this case, the closest known star - Proxima Centauri - is also the closest main-sequence star.
A neutron star is a stellar remnant and is no longer on the main sequence. See related questions.
A Star spends most of its life on the "main sequence" of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (see related link below). While here it is called a "main sequence" star and its source of energy during this phase of its life is the fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core.
Ten billion years
No, it will spend most of it's life as a main sequence star.
On the main sequence.
Stars spend about 90% of their fusion lifetimes on the main sequence.
On the main sequence.
Yes Star spend most of their life span as a main sequence star. A star end will depend on its size in life the end of a start can be a red giant to supernova, a white dwarf, pulsar, or black hole.
The star's mass. More mass will make the star hotter, and will increase the pressure in the center; this will make the star burn its fuel faster.When a star is on the "main sequence", it burns hydrogen-1, converting it into helium-4.
MAIN-SEQUENCE The average star spends 90% of its life as a hydrogen burning MS star.
No. Red giants are not on the main sequence.
A red main sequence star would be a red dwarf or a branch red giant. To be on the main sequence, you have to have hydrogen nuclear fusion.
The sun is a main sequence star
The sun is a main sequence star, so 1 AU.