If not processed with flour or starches, usually this is not a problem. To be sure, look for packaged dates with a kosher for passover symbol on the label, or consult a competent local orthodox rabbi.
the jews eat onions
Lamb can be kosher for Passover. However, Ashkenazi Jews traditionally do not eat lamb during Passover.
Some kosher restaurants are open for Passover.
There is the fast of the firstborn where firstborn males are supposed to fast the day of the eve of Passover. Once Passover starts, there is no fasting.
yes, they can. but no bread :(
Matzo, which is unleavened bread.
Rice (regardless of type) is classified as 'kitniyot'. This means that Ashkenazi Jews will not eat it during Passover but some Sephardi and Mizrachi groups will.
Jews eat the Passover meal to commemorate what happen to them a long time ago. In the Bible, it explains that the Jews were taken out of Egypt, in a hurry. Their bread did not have a chance to leaven, and so they ate what they call "matzoh" Now Jews have a meal with "matzoh" in it, to commemorate it.
The Jews eat the Passover Seder meal on the night of Passover (Pesach). It makes little difference whether Passover begins on Shabbat or on a weekday. Note that there are festive meals on every Shabbat, but they are not called "seder" and the foods are different.
Some of them do, and it's not always their fault.
Gefilte fish is eaten on Sabbath and Festivals throughout the year. It has no specific relevance to Passover.
As legumes, peanuts belong to a subcategory called 'kitniyot'. As such, they can be kosher for Passover, however, Ashkenazi Jews will not eat them.