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Can a rock float in water or oil?

Updated: 9/19/2023
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13y ago

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No, rocks generally cannot float in water or oil because rocks have higher densities than liquid water and oil.

Density is a measure of how much matter is contained in a given amount of space. When viewed at an atomic level, density is a measure of how many atoms are present in a defined amount of space. The element gold has a high density because a high number of gold atoms can be fitted in a defined amount of space. That is why gold is so heavy. The element helium has a low density; in a given amount of space, helium atoms occupy only a small fraction of the total available space. Helium is used in balloons because helium is lighter than air and has a low density.

The chemical formula for density is mass/volume. Mass is measured in grams, and volume is measured in liters. Chemical measurements of density give a good estimate of whether an object/substance could float in water.

Water has a density of 1. The general rule stipulates that any substance that has a density higher than 1 will sink because that substance is more dense than water. Any substance that has an density lower than 1 can float because that substance is less dense than water. Wood has a density of .7 and thus floats in water. Iron has a density of 15 and sinks.

Most rocks have densities greater than 1 (rock density varies greatly because the immense variety of rocks) and thus sink in water.

Addendum:The exception of course is pumice. The density of pumice is generally much lower than its displacement.
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Q: Can a rock float in water or oil?
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