Yes you can. Qantas and BA are part of the OneWorld alliance and reciprocate on their frequent flier programs.
You can qualify for Qantas frequent flyer points by purchasing services from Qantas partners such as Airlines, Credit Card companies and more. You can get more information at the Qantas website.
The Qantas Frequent Flyer program is a wonderful program that allows you to earn points through such events as using credit cards and car rentals. One can redeem these points for many different products at the Qantas online store.
A trans-pacific flight such as this (round trip) is usually available for about 100K frequent flier miles. If you go out of season it maybe possible to go for less. Business class would usually cost more.
Yes, you can add your frequent flyer number after booking your flight.
Your frequent flyer number is requested when booking your flight.
There are many benefits of being a frequent flyer. You can collect points and discounts for your next flight, you may get priority boarding and you may also have rights to an airport lounge.
The simple answer is yes. QANTAS are part of the One World alliance. So you would use the QANTAS miles but you would be flying on British Airways metal. They have flights from Philadelphia to London Heathrow and then to Rome.
Yes, you can use your Chase points to book a flight for someone else by transferring the points to their frequent flyer account or booking the flight directly for them using your points.
You don't mention which city you're flying from, but Sydney to Mackay will use up 12000 points (one-way) or 21700 points with taxes (one-way).
Typically, you can claim miles for your frequent flyer account up to 12 months after the flight.
No, it is not allowed to use someone else's frequent flyer number for booking a flight. Each frequent flyer account is meant for individual use only.
You will earn points with each flight you make on American Airlines. You can then redeem the points for flights or for upgrades on flights.