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  • Emerald chemical composition: Be3Al2(SiO3)6
  • Class: cyclosilicates
  • Crystal system: hexagonal; 6/m2/m2/m
  • Crystal habit: typically small elongate first order prisms, often with vertical striations and irregular pinacoidal terminations
  • Specific gravity: 2.67 - 2.78
  • Index of refraction: 1.566 - 1.602
  • Birefringence: 0.005 - 0.008
  • Pleochroism: distinct, blue-green/yellow-green
  • Hardness: 7.5 - 8.0
  • Color: deep green, can have slightly yellowish or blueish tones
  • Luster: vitreous
  • Transparency: translucent to opaque, very rarely transparent
  • Cleavage: poor basal cleavage is seldom visible on {0001}
  • Fracture: conchoidal producing smooth brilliant surfaces, brittle
  • Streak: white
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The chemical formula for emerald is Be3Al2(SiO3)6.


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