No, but there are no direct flights between London and Shetland.
You can't take a train directly from the Shetland Islands to London. You can't even fly directly between Shetland and London. You could travel by boat from Shetland to Aberdeen and then take a train or fly from there to London or you could fly from Shetland to Edinburgh and either fly or take a train from Edinburgh to London.
yes
No, as long as you are a passport holder of England or USA, you can fly in between without a visa
Yes - and it has been the case for a long time. However, you do not need a visa and it is extremely unlikely you will get your passport stamped
yes
Yes, for some countries.
No you do you not because Washington is in the United States and so is Hawaii. If you were going from Washington to Asia then you would need a visa. Therefore, you only need a visa if you are departing from one country and arriving in another.
I am due to fly to Bangkok next week and have to transfer at Cairo airport, I will be in the airport for approx. 2 hours do I need a visa
Yes, but no visa is required.
Yes, always.
No you need a passport.
You need to fly to Norway first. If you fly to Oslo, it takes 3 hours from Svalbard to Oslo, and another 2 to London.