All US states and territories honor each other's requests for extradition - there are no 'safe-haven' states - it is impossible to say whether a particular state will choose to extradite you or not, there are simply too many variables - usually it depends on the offense and the seriousness of it - most states will USUALLY extradite for felony offenses.
Yes.
Will Arkansas extradite for probation violation from Galveston Tx
Yes, Colorado will extradite for felonies, and especially for violent crimes.
Yes, they could... if they wanted to. It might depend on the seriousness of the original offense and what the VOP consisted of.
Mexico
No.
Insufficient info. Are you currently on MISDEMEANOR or FELONY probation? What is the nature of the two violations? Why don't you ask your PO?
Yes, for felony crimes it is quite likely that they will extradite, especially if you did not comply with the terms of your probation sentence.
Yes
Michigan is the least of your worries. If Florida finds out you've been charged with a new crime, even if it's in another state, they will very likely revoke your felony probation themselves.
Don't make me violate my probation!
Yes - if you violate the terms of that probation.