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Does buoyancy change with depth

Updated: 10/10/2023
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11y ago

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The buoyancy of an object submerged in water does not normally change substantially with depth, but there are caveats to this answer.

The buoyant force is equal to the weight of fluid displaced.

In the case of non-compressible liquids the buoyancy force does not change with depth.

No material is truly incompressible, so if you go really deep (the bottom of the ocean for example), the fluid is compressed a little bit, and so a given volume of the fluid is heavier (denser) and the buoyancy force is greater. (The difference in the density of sea water between the surface and the greatest depth of the ocean is only a few percent.)

Buoyancy forces are also present in compressible gases, for example, a balloon in Earth's atmosphere. In this case, air closer to the Earth's surface is more compressed and thus significantly denser, meaning a fixed volume object will experience a noticeably greater buoyancy force at lower altitudes.

Finally, the buoyant force can change with depth because the volume of the object changes with depth. Certainly this is an important factor with balloons in air and if you submerged a balloon in water the effect of pressure on the volume of the balloon would be a dominant factor on buoyancy. This is present, though small, for solid objects as well.

One more thing, if you are being really picky, gravity changes with depth as well and so affects buoyancy. Obviously not important on Earth, but dropping a mass into a gas planet does have to incorporate the change of gravity with depth and all the other caveats mentioned above.

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11y ago

Because the buoyancy of an object is equal to the weight of the volume of fluid displaced, the buoyancy can change if the volume displaced changes or the weight of the fluid changes.

Examples:

If a balloon is submerged in water, the volume of the balloon gets smaller as the depth increases, thereby decreasing the buoyancy of the balloon.

The buoyancy of a swimmer is greater in sea water than in fresh water because sea water is more dense.

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9y ago

When an object is placed in a fluid, the upward force exert by fluid is known as buoyant force. It is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by submerged body. When an object is starting entering into fluid, then more and more fluid is displacing and buoyant force increases. When object submerged fully, then buoyant force become constant.

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