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Explain how caves are made in large formations of limestone rocks?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Around 300 million years ago, the location of Titan Cave was a tropical reef environment. Many sediments such as fish bones and scales settled at the bottom of the river and eventually changed into limestone. These happened by the sediments compressing. Soon after, the sea level dropped to reveal the limestone. After this during the Ice Age, water froze in the cracks of the limestone making the rock impermeable. Next, once the water had melted the chemicals inside the melt water eroded and the cave and shaft was formed. As the rock was permeable some of the melt water penetrated through the permeable rock. The water became underground and the river still flows underground today.
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I can't comment on the specific cave, which you say is formed in reef limestone. However the rise of the limestone in cave-bearing region was generally by eustaticuplift o fthe land,not isostatic fall in sea in level.
The glacial phases of Ice Ages do influence cave development in various ways including by melt-water, but generally the dissolution is by rain-water and spring melt-water in warmer times.
The primary chemical is carbonic acid - weak acid created by water absorbing atmostpheric carbon-dioxide. Soil acids may augment the acidity but are not essential and usually play a fairly minor role.
You say Titan cave still carries a stream. Such a cave, or at least those of it spassages carryingit,is called "active" and is it still developing although the down-cutting may be in the order of only a few millimetres per 1000 years.
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∙ 11y ago
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