Functions of a kidney

Answer 1

Function * Ultrafiltiration: the process by which fluid is filtered out of the blood by the glomerulus. * The blood pressure in a glomerulus causes part of the blood plasma to leak through the capillary walls. The red blood cells and plasma proteins are too big to pass out of the capillary, so the fluid that does filter through is plasma without the protein. The fluid thus consists mainly of water with dissolved salts, glucose, urea and uric acid. * Selective Reabsorption: the process of absorbing back the substances needed by the body. * The filtrate from the glomerulus collects in the renal capsule and trickles down the renal tubule. * As it does so, the capillaries which surround the tubule absorb the substance the body needs back into the blood. * ** The glucose is reabsorbed with much of the water. ** Some of the salts are taken back to keep the correct concentration in the blood. ** *** Salts not needed by the body are left to pass down the kidney tubule with the urea and uric acid. *** They continue down the renal tubule into the pelvis of the kidney, passes down the ureter and to the bladder. * Urine cannot escape from the bladder because a band of circular muscle, called a sphincter, is contracted, so shutting off the exit. When it relaxes, the muscular walls of the bladder expel the urine through the urethra. * ** Adults can control this sphincter muscle and relax it only when they want to urinate. ** In babies, the sphincter muscle relaxes by a reflex reaction, set of off by pressure in the bladder. Water balance and osmoregulation * The body: * ** Gains water from food and drink ** Loses water by evaporation, urination and defececation. ** *** Evaporation from the skin takes place all the time but is particularly rapid when we sweat. *** Air from the lungs is saturated with water vapor which is lost in the atmosphere when we exhale. * Despite these gains and losses of water, the concentration of body is kept within very narrow limits by the kidneys, which adjust the concentration of blood flowing through them. * ** If the blood is too dilute, less water is reabsorbed from the renal tubules, leaving more to enter the bladder. ** If the blood is too concentrated, more water will be absorbed back into the blood from the kidney tubules. * A rise in blood concentration is thought to stimulate a thirst center in the brain. The drinking which follows this stimulation restores the blood to its correct concentration. * Osmoregulation: the regulatory processes that keep the blood at a steady concentration. * ** One example of the process of homeostasis

Answer 2

The kidneys are a pair of bean shaped organs located in the abdominal cavity which are red brown in colour. The kidneys are an important part of the urinary system. Keeping your kidneys healthy is paramount to promote good health. Having damaged or poorly functioning kidneys may have negative health consequences and complications.

I have listed the three main functions of the human kidneys below:

1. By removing waste and water from the blood.

2. Balancing chemicals in the body.

3. Converting waste products into urine so they can be expelled from the urethra.

Once again, the kidneys are a major part of our urinary system and must therefore be taken care off. This includes incorporating a healthy diet, drinking plenty of water, keeping up with fitness and reporting any concerns to your doctor.

Answer 3

The kidneys filter out impurities in the body and extra fluid. They controls the blood pressure. They make erythropoietin which cause the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. Kidneys create vitamin D to balance calcium and phosphorus which help create strong bones. They also help adjust the acid/base balance in your body.

Answer 4

The kidney is like a filters. It filters waste from the body. Once waste passes through the body, you remove it from your body by using the bathroom.

Answer 5

the kidneys have a couple of different functions. The main purpose of the kidneys is to separate urea, minerals salts, toxins, and other waste products from blood .

Answer 6

The two major functions of the kidneys are the removal of waste products from the blood and the regulation of the amount of fluid in the body.