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when a pump is used to pump a fluid into a vertically arranged pipe , fixed upright; the fluid would reach a certain height at which point the fluid would stop
in a pipe.
this height at which the fluid has stopped propelling upward could be described as
the head of water.
this measure relates to the pump power .
should a pipe system be used which is less than the head height then fluid will be seen to flow out and over the side of pipe.
if the connecting pipe happens to be of longer measurement than the head, and hence when fixed at height is taller than the head height then the fluid will not likely be seen flowing out of pipe .
if a pump is mounted within a basement of work hall, but the resulting pressure is utilised on the ground floor of same building then some pressure will be lost when pumping upwards , and could be described as head loss.
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What is the calibration curve of orifice meter?
The calibration curve for an orifice meter will depend on the size of the orifice, the size of the pipe and the pressure loss over the meter. Typical calibration curves have pressure (or head) loss on the vertical (y) axis and flow rate on the horizontal (x) axis.
What are the factors upon which the friction loss in a pipe depends?
Calculating the friction loss in a pipe can be conducted using one of various equations which include, but are not limited to the Darcy friction factor and the Colebrook equation, and are attributed to the authors of the same. The first thing to consider when determining friction loss is the type of flow in the pipe. There may be laminar flow or turbulent flow which both depend on the velocity of flow through the pipe. The Darcy equation is commonly used for laminar flow only where the Reynolds number is less than 2300, and does not provide accurate values for turbulent flow. The Colebrook equation will provide greater accuracy when flow is turbulent (Reynolds number > 4000) or neither laminar or turbulent (2300 < Reynolds number < 4000). The next item to consider is the type of pipe through which the fluid is flowing. Different types of pipe have different profiles of roughness inside. The friction provided by this roughness will slow down fluid flow. There are constant values attributed to various types of pipe, and can be found in a fluid mechanics text. Next consider the hydraulic diameter. This is the diameter of the pipe and varies depending on the shape of the pipe. Remember, not all piping runs are round. Air is considered a fluid and flows through square or rectangular "pipes". Finally, friction loss will be affected by bends and obstructions in the pipe run. Tables are also available in your fluid mechanics text. Different types of bends and obstructions have different values and must be summed to provide the total loss through the pipe run.
Applications of venturimeter?
1. It is used for flow measerment with minimum head loss. 2. It is used in industries for flow measerment of chemicals. 3. it is also used in the airoplane for measurment of speed of plane.
How do you account for friction loss while applying Bernoulli's theorem to the real flow?
Sum the friction terms for each element from which the friction results, including pipe lengths, elbows, flanges, fitting, valves, etc to get a total friction value K-total.When input to the Bernoulli equation the friction loss will be:ef=0.5*Ktotal*V^2where ef is the energy lost to frictionKtotal is sum of all the loss coefficientsV= velocity of fluidThe friction loss coefficient for a length of pipe is:Kpipe= 16*f*L/DwhereKpipe= pipe loss coefficientL= length of pipeD= diameter of pipef=the Darcy friction factor (not to be confused with the similar Fanning friction factor)For turbulent flow the Darcy friction factor can be obtained from a Moody diagram (very simple) or via the Colebrook or Churchill equations (complex). For laminar flow:f= 64/Rewhere Re is the Reynold's number, an indication of turbulence.Turbulent flow occurs at Reynolds numbers greater than about 2000.Be wary of whether the f listed is the Fanning or Darcy friction factor: mechanical engineers use Darcy, chemical engineers typically use Fanning.The Hooper 2K method can be used to calculate pipe loss coefficients.See related links for a calculation form.
What does wpb stand for in pipe fittings?
Worught Pipe Bend
What happen to the Head Loss of Water if the diameter of the pipe increases?
Head loss will decrease
What are the types of pipe losses?
friction loss head loss loss due to sudden enlargement
What term is used for the top level of pipe in engineering?
Head loss
In the Bernoulli's theorem demonstration how can you improve the accuracy of the results?
we can improve the bernoulli equation by adding the head losses at the final flow state and also we account the major (friction loss and viscus loss) losses and Minor losses (pipe bend , pipe contraction , pipe inlet and outlet, pipe fittings , valves etc)... If we account those losses and added to the head losses then the Bernoulli's equation gives the very accurate value....
What is a system curve?
a System curve is used in hydrolic anylyses to dtermine the duty point of a pump for a certain pipe line. The pump curve and system curve are plotted on the same graph and where the two cross each other is the duty point, the curve is a Head(meters) vs Flow(m3/hour). The system curve Head = static head + head loss due to friction in pipe + secondary head loss *This is calculated for a certain flow to determine the Head so it can be plotted on the curve
What are the factors affecting head loss?
1.Flow Rate 2.Inside diameter of the pipe 3.Roughness 4.Corrosion and Scale Deposits 5.Viscosity of the liquid 6.Length of the pipe 7.Fittings 8.Straightness of the pipe
When water is flowing through seamless steel pipe that is 36 in in diameterthe rate of discharge is 9500 gpm if the lenght of pipe is 2400 ft the friction loss in the pipe is?
49.334 psi is the pressure loss and to get the friction loss you would need to know the smoothness of the inside of the pipe.
Difference between shock loss and friction loss?
Friction loss is the loss of energy that occurs in pipe flow due to viscous effects generated by the surface of the pipe. Shock loss is an huge loss that causes an adverse effect on an insurerâ??s assets.
How much water flow can a 24inch pipe handle?
Do you mean 24-inch diameter? If so, that's an engineering problem, not a plumbing problem. There is no rule of thumb for a large pipe - - it depends on many factors, such as pipe material and thickness, head loss, water hammer protection, etc, etc.
When dealing with water pressure there is no head unless the pipe is blocked off right?
If water is flowing through pipe, no head pressure can build up. Blocking off flow of water will create head pressure in pipe as long as pipe is vertical. A vertical column of water creates head pressure.
Will 2600 gpm flow through 6 inch pipe?
Barely/Maybe. Exact values depend on the type of pipe, but at 2600 gpm your velocity in the pipe is pretty close to 30 ft/sec. That is at the very upper limit (really a little above) the recommended flow velocity in piping. Head loss would be about 15 psi/100ft. So, if you had a short length at this size and flow it might work OK, but for any significant length the head loss would kill you in pumping costs.
Where is the oxygen sensor located on a 1998 Cadillac Catera?
Typically in the exhaust manifold just before the head-pipe or at the inlet of the head-pipe.
