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There are 2 techniques for facial reconstruction (more often referred to as "facial approximation"): 2D and 3D. In the 3D method, the artist sculpts over a replica of the skull, either by using a 3D micron scanner, or with traditional casting materials.
Tissue depth markers are attached to the replica for the thickness of the muscles, skin and fat. These are not absolute thicknesses; they are only guidelines as usually the weight of the person is not known. The artist will then use soft oil-based clay to sculpt the features and flesh onto the replica, taking into account the facial structure, age, etc, of the unidentified.
In the 2D method, photographs of the skull with the tissue depth markers attached are taken, and the artist will use transparent vellum and a light table to draw over the skull image. This method is used when the skull is too fragile to be replicated using casting materials. The artist should NEVER sculpt over the actual skull, as it could be easily damaged this way. Also, the artist needs to have the real skull next to them as a reference when sculpting.
The reason why these are now called "approximations" is because forensic artists can only give approximation of what a person looked like. The term reconstruction implies that the person's actual face is being replicated, and the science community simply doesn't have enough information to be able to determine this.
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∙ 9y ago
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoClay
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How facial reconstructions made using a skull?
Clay
How do you look like Cleopatra?
No one can actually look like Cleopatra because we don't know for certain what she looked like. From the facial reconstructions that have been made using coins and statues thought to be her, you wouldn't want to look like her anyhow.
How divides skull in our body?
human skull is made up of 29 bones as cranium - 8 facial region - 14 ear ossicles - 3+3 hyoid appratus - 1
What is the skull also known as?
To refer to the all of the bones in the head there is no other name for the human skull, but the skull is made up of the cranium (which protects the brain) and the facial bones (which holds the eyes in place and when attached to muscles allow movement in the face)
When searching for human remains which part of the bone most likely to be missing from the skull and why?
The skull is actually made up of many different bones. Usually the small facial (lacrymal, ethmoid, nasal conchas) bones are the first to go because they are so fragile and easily broken. Or the mandible can be lost after the connective tissue has decomposed and there is nothing left attaching it to the rest of the skull.
Why is the crystal skull named the crystal skull?
because its made of crystal
What type of facial mask are good for black head?
Organic facial masks are good because of it being made of herbs, flowers, fruits and a variety of healing plant. I am using organic skin care products.
What is the skull made of?
skulls are made out of bones
What is a sugar skull?
A Sugar Skull is a skull made of compressed sugar that the Mexicans use to decorate for Day of the Dead.
What are the two bones of the skull?
The skull or cranium is also called the brain case. All the bones of the skull (except the mandible) are firmly interlocked along structures called sutures. Cranium or brain case or helmet is composed of eight bones including the frontal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones, along with a pair of parietal and temporal bones. The skull, in an adult, is only one bone made of 8 fused bones. The lower jaw or mandible, is not part of the skull but is part of the face.
What part of the skeleton do The ribs sternum spine and skull make up?
Skeletons are made up of a system of bones in the body.
What are the muscles that in the bone and the skull?
There are not any muscles that are in the bones of the skull. The skull is made up of bones and joints which form before birth to create the shape of the skull.
