How can CAM plants differ from both C3 and C4 plants?

Answer 1

Answer

CAM plants, like C4 plants live in hot and dry places. Unlike any other type of plant, the can close their stomates during the day to conserve water. The also use PEPCase to fix carbon dioxide at night, instead of using RuBP.

Note that, only the Cam plants fix CO2 later during the night because they have their stomata closed during the day.

Answer 2

C3 plants trap CO2 into a 3-carbon compound with rubisco, or in other words, they undergo C3 photosynthesis. Photosynthesis occurs in the mesophyll cells for C3 plants.

C4 plants and CAM plants both undergo C4 photosynthesis. C4 photosynthesis is an adaptation developed due to the dry environments that the C4 and CAM plants live in. Photosynthesis occurs in the mesophyll cells and bundle sheath cells for C4 and CAM plants.

Recall that rubisco usually reacts with carbon dioxide in a carboxylase reaction, which is beneficial for glucose production, but rubisco can also react with oxygen in a oxygenase reaction, which detracts from glucose production. The oxygenase reaction wastes time and energy because it occupies rubisco, when rubisco could be undergoing the carboxylase reaction with carbon dioxide and producing glucose. Rubisco reacts with oxygen when oxygen concentration and heat are high. Why? When it is hot, plants close their stomata to save water and oxygen builds up in the plant, raising the concentration of oxygen inside the plant and photorespiration occurs.

C4 plants and CAM plants undergo C4 photosynthesis to minimize photorespiration. Both types of plants convert CO2 into a 4-carbon intermediate by using PEP Carboxylase, rather than rubisco. PEP Carboxylase does not react with oxygen.

CAM plants differ from C4 plants in that CAM plants fix CO2 at night to store CO2 as a 4-carbon intermediate. CAM plants keep stomata closed during the day, so the difference between CAM plants and C4 plants would be the time of day that the CAM plants fix CO2. Both C4 and CAM plants still undergo the same general process.

Answer 3

To understand how CAM plants differ, we must first understand what CAM plants are and how they differ.

CAM plants are plants like cacti and pineapples, whose environments are usually dry and hot. When it's really hot, water is actually lost. Without water, photosynthesis cannot function (it has to do with donating electrons to photosystem II for the light reactions of photosynthesis).

To counteract this, CAM plants close their stomata during the day. But closing the stomata means there isn't any gas exchange occurring. Without gas exchange, there would be no carbon dioxide (CO2), and thus no photosynthesis (ATP can be produced by the light reactions, but no long term energy storage, 'glucose' is being made) may occur.

So the CAM plants open their stomata during the night to intake carbon dioxide. To store it until there is light (thus photons to run the light reactions), CAM plants incorporate the carbon dioxide into a variety of organic acids. During the day, the carbon dioxide is then released and incorporated into sugars in the chloroplasts.

This method is called Crassulacean Acid Metabolism or CAM.

Long story short, CAM plants differ in the way they attain carbon dioxide. CAM plants open their stomata during the night and during the day, unlike both C3 and C4 plants. They also convert their carbon dioxide into organic acids, unlike C3 (which use CO2 directly) and C4 (which convert CO2 into various 4 carbon molecules first) plants.

Answer 4

it goes through the c4 & c5 molecules
CAM plants, like C4 plants live in hot and dry places. Unlike any other type of plant, the can close their stomates during the day to conserve water. The also use PEPCase to fix carbon dioxide at night, instead of using RuBP.

Answer 5

Study all points and tabulate them

C3 1.C3 plants are those that convert carbon to a compound containing three carbon atoms 2.They are found in a far broader range of environments 3.perform light independent reactions in the light, then the presence of light will have a considerable effect on the photosynthetic rates of these plants. 4.an obvious change in photosynthetic rate was observed 5.The enzyme that catalyzes the primary carbon dioxide fixation is Rubisco. 6.Present 7.respiration larger at high than at low temperatures. Ex----> rice, wheat, rye, barley, cassava, potatoes, algae, spinach, and yams 8.Not 9.C3 plants do not have C4 way. 10.C3 plants are slower to take in carbon 13, so their total biomass ranges from -22% to -35%, with a mean of -26.5%.

C4 1.They are called C4 because during the photosynthesis process, the plants convert atmospheric carbon into a chemical compound with four carbon atoms; 2.In general, plants which follow a C4 pathway originated in subtropical areas 3.perform light independent reactions in the light, then the presence of light will have a considerable effect on the photosynthetic rates of these plants. 4.an obvious change in photosynthetic rate was observed 5.The enzyme that catalyzes the primary carbon dioxide fixation is phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). 6.Absent 7.C4 plants comes in useful under high light intensities Ex-----> maize, sorghum, sugarcane, millet, fonio, tef, papyrus. Not 8.C4 plants use a reaction way called C4 way. This reaction is followed by C3 way. C4 way provides more CO2 to the C3 way. 9.C4 plants absorb carbon 13 far faster than carbon 12, and so the total biomass of C4 plants ranges between -9 to -16%,

CAM 1.CAM is the abbreviation of Crassulacean acid metabolism. The name points at the fact that this pathway occurs mainly in Crassulacean species a. CAM plants are usually found in dry desert areas b.CAM plants are most common in arid environments, where water comes at a premium 2.light dependent reactions which occur during the day a. independent reactions which occur at night 3. If CAM plants perform light independent reactions exclusively in the dark, 4.the rate of photosynthesis in CAM plants remained constant 5.The enzyme that catalyzes the primary carbon dioxide fixation is phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). 6.Photorespiration is not seen 7.influence in CAM plants regulated mainly by temperature, atmospheric humidity and salinity. 8.Ex---> cactuses,some orchids and bromeliads, Pineapple 9.CAM plants require less water. 10.CAM plants also use C3 and C4 ways. the difference is that the stomas of CAM plants are opened during night and CO2 is stored. 11.which can use either pathway for photosynthesis, and so have biomass values that can look like C3 or C4 plants

Answer 6

The difference is a matter of compartmentalization (two cell= C4, one cell=CAM)

Note: CAM plants and C4 plants are very similar in their pathways, since CO2 is first incorporated into organic intermediates before it enters into the Calvin Cycle. Both are elaborate mechanisms for providing CO2 to the Calvin Cycle.

The difference is that in C4 plants, the initial steps of carbon fixation are separated structurally from the Calvin Cycle. C4 compartmentalizes the process, the Mesophyll cell caries out these intermediate steps to make a 4 carbon molecule and then conveyed this to bundle sheath cell, which provides CO2 into the Calvin Cycle. Whereas in CAM plants, the two steps occur at separate times (at night intermediates are stored up in vacuoles, for break down and use in the day), but unlike the C4 these two steps occur within the same cell (Mesophyll).

(source: Campbell and Reece 5th ed, 2005)

Answer 7

CAM plants can store carbon dioxide at night and perform photosynthesis during the day, while C3 and C4 plants fix carbon dioxide during the day. C4 plants spatially separate the initial carbon fixation from the Calvin cycle, while CAM plants temporally separate these processes. CAM plants are typically adapted to dry, arid conditions, while C3 and C4 plants are more common in temperate and tropical regions.