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There IS gravity in a vacuum - there's no AIR.

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Q: How can pendulum oscillate in vacuum even there is no gravity?
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Is their gravity in vacuum?

Yes. Gravity attracts every speck of mass in the universe to every other one, even though in almost all cases, there's nothing but vacuum between them.


Why does a swinging pendulum lose energy once it is set into motion?

When a pendulum is released to fall, it changes from Potential energy to Kinetic Energy of a moving object. However, due to friction (ie: air resistance, and the pivot point) and gravity the pendulum's swing will slowly die down. A pendulum gets its kinetic energy from gravity on its fall its equilibrium position which is the lowest point to the ground it can fall, however, even in perfect conditions (a condition with no friction) it can never achieve a swing (amplitude) greater than or equal to its previous swing. Every swing that the pendulum makes, it gradually looses energy or else it would continue to swing for eternity without stopping. Extra: Using special metals that react little to temperature, finding a near mass-less rod to swing the bob (the weight) and placing the pendulum in a vacuum has yielded some very long lasting pendulums. While the pendulum will lose energy with every swing, under good conditions the amount of energy that the pendulum loses can be kept relatively small. Some of the best pendulum clocks can swing well over a million times.


Is the ending and starting height of the pendulum exactly the same?

No, the swing of the pendulum will never carry it back quite as high as it was when it started. The pendulum must work against air resistance, and so a little bit of momentum is lost with every swing. Even if the pendulum operated in a vacuum, there would still be some tiny amount of friction at the point where the pendulum is attached to its frame. The swing of a pendulum is never 100% efficient. So the pendulum will run down.


A pendulum of the length L is suspended from the ceiling of an elevetor. When the elevator is at rest the period of pendulum is T. What is the period of the pendulum if the elevator is freely falling?

A lift in free fall is the same as a lift with no gravity (e.g. in space), i.e. accelleration due to gravity, g = 0 ms^-2. Now your intuition should tell you what's going to happen but even if it doesn't you can plug this value into your equation for the pendulum's period to find out what happens.


What happen if you take simple pendulum in to moon?

On the moon acceleration due to gravity is 1/6th of Earth and Time Period is inversely proportional to under-root of acceleration due to gravity therefore pendulum will oscillate faster on moon and will not come to rest due to absence of air


Can perpetual motion be achieved using a pendulum in a vacuum?

Yes. In a vacuum, the only resistance is the friction in the suspension for the bob of the pendulum. Other than that, it should swing a long time. In air, friction with air will add to the friction in the suspension and it won't swing as well as it would in a vacuum. But it will swing for a while. A pendulum will swing in water, but the hydrodynamic drag will make it stop in a really, really short period of time. Just a couple of swings will strip the pendulum of almost all its energy. And the speed of the pendulum will be slower than in air, and it won't swing anywhere nearly as far through the bottom of its arc as it did in air.


What is the scientific theory of a pendulum?

The theory of a simple pendulum refers to a relatively huge object hanging vertically by a string from a fixed place and moving in a back and forth motion when displaced. The movement of the huge object or pendulum bob is repetitive and regular.


How will simple pendulum behave if its taken to moon?

It would be extremely slow, and unsteady, and if it's too light, then it might not even work because it wouldn't have enough mass to interact with the moons gravity.


What forces act in space?

Gravity. Every object exerts a gravitational pull on others. If two particles come into proximity in the near vacuum of space they will be attracted to each other, as they are free from the influence of stronger external forces.


If a vacuum requires an enclosure and if outer space is a vacuum where is the enclosure?

Vacua require enclosures only where there is something (like an atmosphere maintained by gravity or kept in a pressurized container) working against it. Vacuum is really the natural state; by many orders of magnitude there is far more vacuum or near vacuum than there is atmosphere or non-vacuum. Even in the depths of space it might be difficult to find a significantly large volume (say a volume equal to our sun) that is absolute, perfect vacuum, but you could come very close. It's probably appropriate to bring gravity into the discussion since natural atmospheres can't exist without it. A body's gravity pulls gases toward it, and pressure builds up as more gas gathers at the body's surface. This pressure is directly related to the gravity of the body, and this is why an enclosed vacuum can support a column of water, or mercury only so high. The height of material supported has nothing to do with the vacuum itself-- it is not the vacuum 'sucking' material up. It has everything to do with the atmospheric pressure being exerted on the material. So, maintaining significant non-vacuum states requires a lot of energy in some form or other. Vacuum is as natural as it gets.


How does a black hole act as a vacuum cleaner?

It technically doesn't, given that a vacuum cleaner works via air pressure differences, and space is mostly a vacuum already. What it does do, is by an enormous amount of mass focused in a small point, create a very strong gravity field, to the point that even light cannot escape a certain proximity. This is known as the 'event horizon'. Basically, nothing we know of that crosses that line can escape the gravity, drawn into the singularity at the center.


If you hit somebody from behind his head seems to snap backward?

There is simple physics behind this phenomena. Even you pull a branch of the tree it will oscillate.