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Experiment: Water Purification by Solar Distillation and increasing efficiency of system

Every solar water distiller has a tank of polluted water covered by a clear glass or plastic, slanted or curved such that the condensed water vapors can slide down into the distilled water storage.

Procedure:In this design a sheet of glass will be used. This clear cover is installed in an angle to force condensed water to move to one side where it will be collected.

As sunlight warms the black bottom and sunlight is reflected by mirror which is back of system ,then heat is transferred to the water,the top of the water evaporates on to the inside of the glass cover, which is tilted toward the fresh water drain..

Increasing System Efficiency

We must know factors effecting vapor pressure. They are amount of surface area - the greater the surface area exposed to the surroundings the faster it will evaporate. Poor some water on the floor and put the same amount in a cup or a bowl, the water on the floor will evaporate much faster. But in our system surface area is constant because we will use same system.

humidity - this has to do with vapor pressure. if the air is extremely humid there will already be a lot of water vapor in the air, not allowing as much of the water to evaporate.Because of this factor we try to decrease humidity in our container by using fans and cooling cover down.

Temperature of the surrounding - this one is simple, put some water in a cold environment and some water in a warm environment and obviously the warm one will evaporate faster. There is more energy in warm air.For our system it depends on weather of day

Temperature of the liquid - Same as above.For this case if we use less amount of water ,system will warm up shortly.So it will help us about time.

Wind speed - more wind blowing across the surface of the liquid means there will be constantly air with no water vapor in it right above the liquid, resulting in a faster evaporation. This is why putting a fan on a wet carpet or something of that sort will dry it out faster.For this situation we use fan of solar cell.

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Q: How can you purify polluted or salt water using solar energy?
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