How did Avery discover that the material responsible for transformation in bacteria ws DNA?

Answer 1

A series of experiments showed that the activity of the material responsible for transformation was stopped by a DNA destroying enzyme. DNA had the instructions for making the capsule in the S. Strain of S. pneumoniae.

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Answer 2

To show that it was DNA rather than some small amount of RNA, protein, or some other cell component that was responsible for transformation, Avery used a number of tests. They found that trypsin, chymotrypsin and ribonuclease (enzymes that break apart proteins or RNA) did not affect it, but an enzyme preparation destroyed the extract's transforming power.

Answer 3

Avery's team began by combining living R bacteria with an extract made from S bacteria. This procedure allowed them to directly observe the transformation of R bacteria into S bacteria in a petri dish.

Answer 4

Avery and his team discovered that DNA was the genetic material responsible for transformation in bacteria by conducting experiments where they isolated different cellular components and exposed them to bacteria. They found that only the DNA fraction was able to induce the genetic changes characteristic of transformation, leading them to conclude that DNA was the transforming principle.

Answer 5

Avery along with his fellow colleagues found that when cells were missing from RNA and proteins could transform the R cells. However, the cells lacked DNA.

Answer 6

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Answer 7

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