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The so-called "Doolittle Raid" in April 1942.
At the same time as Pearl Harbor, Japan launched attacks all over the Pacific. By Spring 1942, they were largely successful and were mostly undefeated.
American Air Force officer Jimmy Doolittle came up with the idea of sneaking an aircraft carrier as close to Japan as possible, and launching some bombers to make a sneak attack on Japan itself. After the attack, the bombers would fly to China (who was also at war with Japan) and land, since a carrier was not large enough for bombers to land on. The idea was to frighten the Japanese people- who thought they couldn't possibly be attacked- and to boost morale for the Allies.
The attack pretty much went as planned. Japan was bombed, but hardly took any damage. The real damage was that it showed Japan that they weren't unbeatable, and gave America the morale boost it needed. Japan also had to change their strategy, which led to the American naval victory at the Battle of Midway two months later, one of the most important battles of the Pacific Theater.
One of the bombers landed in Soviet Russia; the rest landed in China. A few of the airmen were captured (and some of these men were killed) by the Japanese, but most were able to escape. The men who landed in Russia faced some trouble because Russia was technically not at war with Japan; but Russia eventually snuck them back to the US. Doolittle, who also flew one of the bombers, survived the raid and earned the Medal of Honor, the top award of the US Military.
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