A very loaded and highly generic and ambiguous question! A cow's response to such stimuli depends on what these stimuli are, because there is no one particular response for all types of stimuli they are subject to throughout their lives. Examples, however, may help in answering this question.
A cow will respond to internal stimuli in different ways. If a cow is feeling pain in her abdominal region, she will kick at it with her hind leg. If she is feeling the urge to urinate or defecate, she will often stop and hunch up her back, raise her tail and relax the sphincter muscles which hold the urine in her bladder and allow the urine to be expelled, often using her abdominal muscles to force the urine out faster and prevent it from sprinkling too much over her hind legs and hind quarters, including her udder. When she is done, she will lower her tail, even out her spine and continue with what she was doing. A similar response occurs when she feels the need to defecate: She will raise her tail, relax the sphincter muscles comprising of her anus, and contract her abdominal muscles to force the feces out into a nice, big steaming cow pie. After the deed is done, the sphincter muscles contract, the tail lowers, and she moves onwards. Other internal stimuli include a foreign object stuck in her trachea, which she responses to by coughing until it is free. If she is thirsty, she will find a water source and drink her fill. This is no different if she is hungry or craving salt or a mineral source.
External stimuli are more variable. A cow will respond to a frightening stimuli like a loud bang from a shotgun or a tractor that back-fired by jumping and running away. The presence of a coyote around her calf will get her "hackles up" and her guard up so much that she will make threatening gestures such as shaking her head, and charge at the beast to scare it away from her young.
The three layers that are cut through when doing a dissection of a cows eye are the external layer, internal layer, and the intermediate layer. The white part of the cows eye is called the sclera.
Cold-blooded - just like all reptiles.
Endothermic.
Foundering in cows, also known as laminitis, is a condition where there is inflammation of the sensitive laminae in the hoof. It commonly causes lameness and severe pain in cows, affecting their ability to walk and stand. It can be triggered by factors such as diet changes, obesity, or excessive grain consumption.
If you are wondering because you are using cow liver in an experiment with enzyme catalase then you can say 6.5-7. That is the pH of a cows stomach. While your at it the average body temperature of a cow is about 38 degrees.
Internal. Sperm from the bull is ejaculated inside the fornix vagina of the cow and the sperm travel to the fallopian tubes where an ovum is waiting to be fertilized.
Cows tend to respond more slowly and with less vigor when they're tired.
The three layers that are cut through when doing a dissection of a cows eye are the external layer, internal layer, and the intermediate layer. The white part of the cows eye is called the sclera.
Cold-blooded - just like all reptiles.
they had royal cows then they died and went to heaven
Absolutely. Cows that are subjected to different novel stimuli or objects are always learning. Cattle that are trained to the halter or to ride are also learning, learning to trust and accept the human as leader and also learning that what a human is teaching them is such that it won't hurt them.
"Menudencias" are the internal organs of the animals (cows, steers, heifers) that are used after the slaughter for several uses, chemical, medical, feed, etc.
Cows differ widely in temperament. Some are always gentle; others are quite active, alert, and somewhat nervous under normal conditions and very excitable under stress. Most cows exhibit normal behavior patterns and respond to kindness. Most cows kick because they are frightened, are in pain, or have been mistreated. Tail-switching is sometimes used to express intense emotion. Restrained animals in a fearful situation tail-switch more than usual as they struggle against restraint. Cows are often called creatures of habit. They notice and respond to any unusual change in their routine.
Endothermic.
Foundering in cows, also known as laminitis, is a condition where there is inflammation of the sensitive laminae in the hoof. It commonly causes lameness and severe pain in cows, affecting their ability to walk and stand. It can be triggered by factors such as diet changes, obesity, or excessive grain consumption.
They are warmblooded creatures, like all mammals are, and able to maintain their internal levels through the energy they get from eating every day. This energy is called "metabolizable energy" which means that a cow is able to generate (never create) energy to keep her internal system at a constant temperature and functionable. Osmosis and Homeostasis is also important to maintain internal liquid levels.
Angus cows are beef cows, not dairy cows. Holsteins are dairy cows, not beef cows, which is where we get the majority of our milk from.