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Some countries simply allow the exchange rate to be determined by demand and supply. Some countries attempt to keep the exchange rate between their currency and another currency constant. When countries agree to keep the value of their currencies constant, there is a fixed exchange and is called exchange rate system. Exchange rate or value of a currency is defined by its supply and demand factors. If a country has high interest rate, that will attract more investors to buy that currency to invest (increase in demand for the currency). If inflation is high, the value of the currency decreases over time and therefore not attractive to hold (decrease in demand). If the country has high productivity and does a lot of exports, foreigners will need to buy currency in order buy the goods (increase in demand).

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Q: How do changes in interest rates inflation productivity and income affect exchange rates?
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