variable
Ex Post Facto (also called Causal Comparative Research) is useful whenever: • We have two groups which differ on an independent variable and we want to test hypotheses about differences on one or more dependent variables OR • We have two groups which already differ on a dependent variable and we want to test hypotheses about differences on one or more independent variables
The dependent variable.
The dependent variable is the variable that depends on the independent variable.
the test variable is the independent variable.
Model
variable
Concentration is very variable in solutions.
raga is raga
independent variable
independent variable
A term is a constant, a variable, or combination of constants and variables. Examples: 7.13, 5x, where 5 is the coefficient of the variable xy, xyz, y, where the coefficient of the variable is assumed to be 1.
Controlled parameters stay constant throughout the experiment. Variable parameters are the ones you can change.
independent variable
A concept is an idea or an abstraction that stands for something. A concept becomes a variable when it is made operational or when it can be counted, categorized, or observed. For example, job satisfaction is a concept, but, it becomes a variable when a definition is it attached to it that makes it measurable. You may ask a married person, "how satisfied are you with your job?" If you attach levels of satisfaction to it, then it becomes a variable. All variables are concepts when you can measure the concept. However, not all concepts can be variables. A concept that is not a variable is a concept that is not measurable.
Quantification is impossible until ideas and concepts are translated into variable that can be measured. e.g landforms shape
you have a different variable