Pteridophytes have naked seeds called 'Spores'.
It is a Cryptogammae as reproductive organs are not visible at all.
Phanerogams have seeds which store food.
Reproductive organs are visible. (Flowering Parts or Cones)
Comparative study of the plant groups show that the bryophytes have forms more complex than the algae but they are less developed than the pteridophytes although there is a tendency of differentiation of the gametophytic body which is not found in the pteridophytes
Strictly speaking all plants, for without water plants die! However algae, bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) and pteridophytes (ferns) all have motile male gametes which require free water to swim through to the female gamete.
The main bodu of pteridophytes is sporophytes the leaves are small as in case of sellaginella or big as in ferns the sporophytes gives rise to multicellular gametophytes by meoisis some may bear strobiili or cones they are the first to have vascular system's
Plants belonging to bryophytes and Pteridophytes etc. reproduce with spores and thoseof gymnosperms and angiosperms reproduce with seeds.
Vacular
Josephine Adelaide Clark has written: 'Systematic and alphabetic index to new species of North American Phanerogams and Pteridophytes published in 1892' -- subject(s): Pteridophyta, Phanerogams
yo yo
Stem of gymnosperm is aerial.Stem of pteridophytes are mostly underground.Tree Ferns have long aerial stems but these are Pteridophytes. The real difference is that gymnosperms bear seeds pteridophytes are without seeds.
Phanerogams are a group of plants that produce seeds, including gymnosperms (such as conifers) and angiosperms (flowering plants). They are characterized by their ability to reproduce through seeds enclosed in a protective structure.
Selaginella and Dryopteris .
Pteridophytes or gymnosperms
Ferns belong to pteridophytes
equisetum
gymnosperms
Hibiscus belongs to the division Phanerogams. Thus, it is a vascular plant.
375 mya
ferns PTERIDOPHYTES