How to calculate spanner size regarding bolts and nuts
Exactly the same as any other nut. Spanner is just British terminology for wrench.
The spanner is bent at an angle so that it can easily applied or hold the grip of any 6 sides of nut to achieve the maximum mechanical advantage by moving the handle to and fro in the shortest possible space.
20 Nm. You just multiply them together.
You cannot:)
Yes.
Exactly the same as any other nut. Spanner is just British terminology for wrench.
you use a spanner to open a rusted nut bolt because you need a strong tool to open a rusted nut bolt.
what the hex a wrench? Hex wrench is short for hexagonal wrench, that is a wrench or spanner designed to fit a certain size nut or bolt.
Because a spanner provides extra leverage - and is much tougher than our fingers !
because spanner has a longer moment arm and torque depends upon moment arm greater the moment greater will be the torque produced so it is easy to unscrew a tight nut using longer spanner
17mm spanner
This answer is based on simple mechanics. A spanner is a tool which you use to apply a twisting force on a nut. This twisting force is called a Moment. The equation for a moment: moment = force x distance of application As the force given by your arms will not increase just by using a bigger spanner, the size of the moment is directly related to the distance away from the nut the force is applied. So with a short spanner, say 30cm (0.3 metres) long and a typical force from your arm of about 100N (about 10kg) the moment will be: Moment = 100 x 0.3 = 30 Nm Now if a bigger spanner is used, say 50 cm (0.5 metres) long the moment is: Moment = 100 x 0.5 = 50 Nm So you can see if you use a bigger spanner, you are putting a larger twisting force upon the nut, so it it easier to loosen.
The mechanic would get more leverage. The rotational force applied to the nut is greater the longer the spanner, assuming the mechanic applies the same amount of force.
To calculate wrench size you measure across the flat surfaces of the nut or bolt, then pick a wrench marked with that size. Be careful, there are metric and SAE nuts and bolts and some wrenches are close but not right. -For instance you should not use a 1/2" wrench on a 12 mm nut. -It may look right, but will round the edges of the nut.
Gauges to allow a person to calculate nut bolt size are widely available. Measuring the thread manually can be unreliable so it is far preferable to use a gauge.
The mechanic would get more leverage. The rotational force applied to the nut is greater the longer the spanner, assuming the mechanic applies the same amount of force.
Its a 13mm spanner that you require.