Ruby, the gemstone, is the red variety of the mineral corundum. Corundum is crystalline aluminum oxide (alumina). Ruby's red color comes from a small amount (a percent or so) of chromium impurity that substitutes for aluminum in the crystal structure. Other impurities give corundum other colors: gem sapphire occurs in a blue variety where the impurities are iron and titanium Naturally occurring ruby crystals formed slowly at high temperature deep in the earth. A rock containing ruby is unmistakably "natural" as the rock texture is not reproducible in the lab. Also diagnostic are small mineral inclusions in natural ruby. "Fake" ruby results from mis-identification of another red mineral, commonly garnet or tourmaline, or of colored silica glass. These mis-identifications are relatively easy to detect making use of physical properties. For instance, ruby is much harder than tourmaline, garnet, or especially glass. As well, fake rubies are often less dense than the real thing. It's easy to do these physical tests. Now comes the hard part: telling natural from synthetic ruby As is the case for diamond, a lot of ruby crystals have been grown (synthesized) in the lab. Growing rubies is by no means easy, but unlike mis-identified ruby, synthetic ruby is no less "real" than natural ruby. It can be extraordinarily difficult to tell the two apart. In the Verneuil synthesis process (used for over a century), rubies are grown by dripping fused alumina onto a plate, where it crystallizes. Characteristically curved growth features--observed with a microscope-- remain in the synthetic single crystal and are tell-tale signs of a synthetic origin. Heat treatment changes the internal features of the crystal making detection of this type of synthetic ruby more difficult. More recently, the appearance and physical properties of ruby crystals grown in a flux can be made to be essentially identical to those of natural ruby. Chemical analysis to detect trace amounts of impurities characteristic of the flux--like lead-- may be the only way to tell natural from synthetic. Usually Real rubies are heavier than the fake one!
you can see curce growth band , bubles , healed flux you can see curved growth band , bubles , healed flux
Corduroy is usually 100% cotton. Recently some try to imitate corduroy by using synthetic material.No. It is a natural fibre
No. In fact most microorganisms cannot be cultured using synthetic media. Each microorganisms has specific needs (nutrients, pH, salinity, temperature etc).
I can give you several sentences.Synthetic cloth is easier to care for than natural fibers.Using synthetic materials often saves natural resources.Almost any substance can be made by synthetic means.
Particle accelerator
DNA fingerprinting
Aquamarine is a gemstone.
Gemology is a vast field where the primary focus is to identify stones correctly. One cannot guarantee whether the stone is real or fake unless one knows properties of gemstone. * Separation of gemstone from man-made glass: Glass exhibits a round to elongated gas bubbles. Gas bubbles are spherical cavity. Sometimes it gets confuse with round crystal fingerprints in natural gemstone. * Separation of gemstone from plastic: Using hot needle point to test the stone will give a peculiar odour and may melt where the hot point is applied.
A jeweler uses a tester to determine the authenticity of any gemstone. From below, the tester is used to: "...measure the speed of heat traveling through different types of stones." Some also test a diamond by using it to scratch glass, which destroys the glass.
It is woven through a force-spinning process using threaded natural plant fibers then knitted artificially through an insulated process involving synthetic glass fibers.
Using synthetic materials, are less expensive for the suppliers to buy.
glass cutter is when u cut glass using a glass cutter
The chemicals that are in them
it feels better
Read your drivers manual. Your vehicle may require a synthetic oil.
using their glass mouths.
The major disadvantage of using synthetic material is that they are non bio degradable . Thus they cause pollution like soil pollution and water pollution.
They were not able to identify the man in the lineup. It was not easy to identify the owner of the car.