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The strength of a poison is determined by its LD50 value (Lethal Dose). The LD50 value is the amount of toxin it takes to kill 50 percent of a population each time a dosing experiment is done in a lab setting. The value is measured by mg/kg of body weight. For example, the LD50 value of salt is 1000 mg.kg body weight, that means that every kg of body weight must contain 1000 mg of salt in it to cause death.

The lower the LD50 value, the more potent or deadly the poison is. Remember that death is not the only end point measured in toxicology. There are many poisons that cause severe adverse effects well before they kill someone. Someone may experience things such as paralysis or cognitive disruption at levels much below the LD50 value, and some poisons take much larger doses to cause effects than others. Remember, the dose defines the poison, but the power of the poison is measure technically by the LD50 value.

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Q: How do you know how powerful a poison is?
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