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A caliper is more accurate.
A vernier caliper.
A vernier caliper would be a good way, unless you need a more accurate measurement, in which case I might use a micrometer caliper.
The caliper and micrometer use a dial or digital readout to measure the distance between the tips. The tolerances of these tools can be under .001 inch, making them extremely accurate.
Vernier calipers is more convenient to use compared to the external and internal calipers because vernier caliper by its own could be used as external and internal calipers. When using Vernier caliper you can identify the measurement withtout using ruler, meter stick etc. but the internal and external calipers rely on measuring tools to know the exact measurement... (*Ivan Richmond Jumawan*).
It can, but the vernier is capable of a more accurate reading.
Screw gauge is more precise than vernier calliper because it can measure small objects upto 0.001cm while vernier calliper can measure objects upto 0.01cm.
Verniers give you a less accurate approximation of the thickness, whereas a micrometer can give a more accurate measurement, often by 100 orders more accurate.
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A caliper is more accurate.
the instrument can be made more sensitive by making vernier constant less ie by incresing the no of division on vernier scale or by decreasing the value of main scale.
A vernier caliper.
The importance of least count is that it has a capable of taking more accurate and precise measurements
micrometer is more occurate.
Vernier caliper has an accuracy of 0.01 cm. But screw gauge has still more. It will be able to give even 0.001 cm. So even third decimal could be got accurately when we use screw gauge instead vernier caliper.
The vernier caliper is more accurate that a plastic ruler. That's because the caliper is designed to be used and effectively read to measure small distances. And it does this better than a "regular" ruler because it has a vernier scale built into it. It's like an "amplified ruler" attached to the device that has increased accuracy. A link is provided to the Wikipedia article on the vernier caliper and to the one on the vernier scale. Check out the pictures and skim the details. You should be able to pick it up with a bit of thought.
If the caliper is properly calibrated, then neither system is more accurate. Accuracy depends on the quality of the measuring, not the unit used.