A general election is when all of the seats in the House of Commons come up for grabs. A by-election takes place in one constituency if its MP dies or resigns in between the general elections.
A general election is an election in which all (or at least the overwhelming majority) of seats to a body, usually a legislature, are elected simultaneously or over a very short period of time. For example, on May 6th 2010, the UK held a parliamentary general election - it was a general election because all 650 members of the House of Commons were up for election at once.
In contrast, a by-election takes place when only a small number - usually just one - seat to a body is up for election. By-elections are held to fill vacancies that arise because of the death, resignation, imprisonment or forced removal of a person from public office; whilst multiple by-elections can take place at the same time, they are individual events, and several by-elections do not make a general election. Members elected at a by-election can usually only serve until the next general election, when they must submit themselves for re-election like everyone else.
A general election takes place when every elected seat in a body - for example, a chamber of a legislature - is up for election at once, simultaneously, in the same election period, though not necessarily on the same day. For example, on May 6 2010, the United Kingdom held a general election when all 650 of its Members of Parliament were elected at once.
In contrast, a by-election is held to fill an arising vacancy on a body. If a member dies, resigns or is expelled from a legislative body, in most jurisdictions, a by-election is held to replace that person with a new member, who serves until the next general election. Even if multiple by-elections take place at once, they do not constitute a general election, though they usually occur only in small groups or on their own. For example, in the UK, by-elections will be held to fill three vacancies in the House of Commons on November 15 2012.
An example of a large number of by-elections being held together outside of a general election would be the Burmese by-elections of April 1 2012, when 46 seats (out of 664) were elected at once as the result of vacancies in the Assembly of the Union.
In the US local would be city/town elections and general would be state or federal elections.
A primary election in which voters in a jurisdiction select candidates for a subsequent election. A general election is is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are up for election.'
Political parties use primary elections to determine who they will nominate to represent the parties in the general elections. In the general elections, voters choose from among candidates of various political parties their preferences to fill government offices.
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Both local and general election use the FPTP voting system when there is an election. Another similarity is that both local and general election have to be nominated by 10 registered electors. Another similarity is that both local and general election is that all different types of voting are relevant to both general and local election.
A presidential primary refers to election of each party's candidate. A general election on the other hand is an election involving all candidates selected by their respective parties.
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The general election is held in the United States on the Tuesday following the first Monday in the month of November. This can be between the 2nd and the 8th.