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I assume you mean physiologically. A marathon runner has high aerobic endurance, VO2 max, and lactate threshold. This means that they are capable of producing a high level of ATP (muscle energy) for a prolonged period of time utilizing oxygen to feed the muscles. A sprinter has many fast-twich muscle fibers that are trained to produce explosive energy for short periods of time, but without using oxygen, i.e. anaerobically.

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Q: How does a marathon runner and the fastest human being differ?
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