small water displacment compared to ships size
It depends on how the substance is shaped. Take 40,000 tons of steel. If you shape it into an ingot, it will sink. Shape it into a ship and it will float.
Not as long as it's still in the shape of a block. But if you re-shape it into the shape of a cup ... whether round or rectangular ... it will float, because it displaces much more water than a block does. If your cup-shape is done artistically and with care, people may call it what it looks like ... a little "boat" or "ship". Those objects are usually made out of re-shaped blocks of steel.
An object will float if it has a density that is less than that of water. Or whatever liquid it is placed on. In the case of a ship, that includes not just the steel, but the entire ship - including air trapped inside the ship.
The ship has enough gas in it to keep it afloat.
small water displacment compared to ships size
The shape of the ship allows it to float. Imagine a ship that was just a big block of steel, If you put that steel block into water, it would sink because it is denser than water. Ships are built with a hollow shape. The amount of steel is the same, but the hollow shape decreases the boat's density. Water is denser than the hollow boat, so the boat floats. Shaping the block into a hollow form increases the volume occupied by the same mass, which results in a reduced overall density. The ship floats because it is less dense than water.
Well, buoyancy is capacity to float in liquid. So the object needs to have air to make it float an example for an boat the Titanic for example was really heavy it was made out of steel so it had air in the bottom to make the ship float.
It depends. A steel ship will float just fine, so will an iron one(i.e. Old Ironsides). It all depends on the size, weight, and buoyancy of the ship.
A needle is fully metal whereas a ship is hollow so it floats
The density is not directly relevant. Otherwise, ship made of steel would not float on water.
According to Archimedes' principle, a body in fluid, wholly or partly submerged, experiences an upward force (buoyancy) which is equivalent to the weight of the fluid displaced. The ship has a shape which displaces more water than a block of steel and so experiences a greater upward force.
In between of the steel there are other materials - like air. What counts is the average density of the ship (including empty spaces in between), not the density of its densest component.