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A single pulley alters the direction of the input but confers no mechanical advantage.
False, Unless it is a twisted pulley system.
Do the moveable pulley decreases the input force?
Depends what the input force is and the mechanical advantage of the pulley system If effort force (input force) is 20 pounds in a 6 pulley system (3 fixed,3 movable) then load force (output force) is 120 pounds As 6 times 20 equals 120 pounds
A hanging pulley or a Class-I lever can both do that.
A single pulley alters the direction of the input but confers no mechanical advantage.
They pulley is applied by the output force and then it is being added on by the input work.
False, Unless it is a twisted pulley system.
A pulley system may cause the direction of the output force to differ from that of the input force, but is not guaranteed to do so. In a simple example, a double pulley could easily result in input and output forces in parallel.
Do the moveable pulley decreases the input force?
Depends what the input force is and the mechanical advantage of the pulley system If effort force (input force) is 20 pounds in a 6 pulley system (3 fixed,3 movable) then load force (output force) is 120 pounds As 6 times 20 equals 120 pounds
A hanging pulley or a Class-I lever can both do that.
It's easier to pull downward than upward.
True
If the pulley is frictionless the angle does not matter, the tension in the rope will be the same on both sides of the pulley. If there is friction in the pulley however then you want to reduce the friction as much as possible. You do that by creating as large an angle between the two ropes as possible.
Some of the input force is lost due to friction. If you are using a pulley system then there is friction between the rope and the pulley and there is also friction within the ball bearings of the pulley itself. If you are using an inclined plane there is friction between the plane and the object traveling upon it. In a friction-less world the input is equal to the output.
The difference between a fixed pulley and a movable pulley is, the wheel of a fixed pulley does not move because the wheel is attached to a wall, ceiling, or other object. Unlike a fixed pulley, a movable pulley's wheel does move. The wheel on a movable pulley is not attached to a wall or other object. A fixed pulley changes work by changing the direction of a force. A movable pulley changes work by reducing the input force needed to lift heavy objects. A movable pulley changes the direction of the input force and reduced it. A movable pulley also increases the output force.