Twice a year
Tropic of Capricorn
23 degrees North is a line of latitude. The Tropic of Cancer is around 23.5
The sun can never be directly overhead anywhere in New York state ... or anywhere in the USA for that matter. The highest it can ever appear is at noon on June 21. But in order to ever see it directly overhead, you have to be located within 23.5 degrees of the equator.
No, the celestial equator does not always pass directly overhead. The position of the celestial equator in the sky is determined by the observer's latitude on Earth. If the observer is located at the equator, the celestial equator will pass directly overhead. However, for observers at different latitudes, the celestial equator will appear at an angle to the horizon.
I would guess that Hong Kong is closer to the equator, compared to some other place where you lived, and with which you are comparing it. Of course that question must mean "overhead around noon". Hong Kong is more or less on the Tropic of Cancer. The Sun can appear overhead as far north as the Tropic of Cancer around the summer solstice (about June 21st).
Twice; both during the sun's summer and winter solstices.
The Tropic of Cancer ... roughly 23.5 degrees north ... is the most northerly latitude where the sun can ever appear directly overhead.
Tropic of Capricorn
That lies on 23.5 degree latitude, at which the Sun may appear directly overhead at its zenith.
No, the sun will appear directly overhead along the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere.
Yes. Lagos is only about 6.5 degrees from the equator ... less than the 23.5 degrees on the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, the boundaries of the 'belt' around the Earth's middle throughout which the sun can be directly overhead.
23 degrees North is a line of latitude. The Tropic of Cancer is around 23.5
Your location must be located on the Earth's axis, specifically at the North or South Pole. At these locations, the stars appear to move in circles around the celestial pole that is directly overhead.
Never. The only time the sun can appear directly overhead at Lagos is sometime near April 5 and again sometime near September 4.
The sun can never be directly overhead anywhere in New York state ... or anywhere in the USA for that matter. The highest it can ever appear is at noon on June 21. But in order to ever see it directly overhead, you have to be located within 23.5 degrees of the equator.
No, the celestial equator does not always pass directly overhead. The position of the celestial equator in the sky is determined by the observer's latitude on Earth. If the observer is located at the equator, the celestial equator will pass directly overhead. However, for observers at different latitudes, the celestial equator will appear at an angle to the horizon.
Those are the boundaries of every place on Earth where the sun can ever appear directly overhead at any time.