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Physical layer devices would be a hub or a repeater to connect multiple Ethernet segments together.
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determine the pathways for data
LANs are networks that connect devices, like computers and printers, over short distances typically within an office premises or campus.Communication devices are connected through cables within a distance of 2000 feet.Newer terms like Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN) and Blutooth technology are also associated with LAN today.
In its simplest form - two computers, equipped with ethernet modems, and a suitable length of ethernet vable !
802.3 is the IEEE standard for Ethernet devices and data managment
No, false.
yes
An Ethernet Hub allows the user to hook up to four ports at one time. The Hub will allow you to connect multiple devices and allow them to act as one.
A network interface card (NIC) typically has a physical connection to a network, such as Ethernet or wireless. This connection allows the NIC to communicate with other devices on the network.
A device with wireless connectivity or Ethernet ports, which otherwise connects a series of devices in a network topology.
Computer networks vary in scale from small work groups, local area networks (LANs) to some of the largest networks like the Internet. They are all created essentially from connections between computers. The intermediary devices make the data transfer and regulation of these networks possible. They are designed to serve many functions like making data flow control decisions, data encryption, data modulation and demodulation, provide network security and most importantly, provide point to point connectivity. Here are some of the prime examples of intermediary devices that make this possible. I assume that you are familiar with the OSI (Open System Interconnection) model which describe the hierarchies in a computer networking system. In case you are not familiar with it, refer to the article 'OSI model explained'.SwitchesNetwork switches or packet switches are devices that connect the various segments of a network, and their main function is switching packets of data. Also called as a network bridge, they switch processes and rout data at the level of the data link layer, which is second of the OSI model layers (concerned with physical addressing of data). A switch may also operate at the level of other OSI layers like the physical, network or transport layer. Multilayer switches act at different OSI layers simultaneously. Network switches play a vital role in the functioning of local area networks.RoutersAs its name suggests, a router is an intermediary device that regulates and routs data traffic between computer networks. It forwards data to various network destinations and controls flow of data between two or more logical subnets, which do not have the same network address in a large network. It selects the optimum path for data transfer between two points in a network. Routers are one of the most vital intermediary devices that make data transmission possible.ModemA modem (modulator - demodulator) is an intermediary device that converts analog signals transferred over networks into digital signals and digital signals back to analog. They enable the transmission of digital data over analog mediums like telephone lines and optic fiber cables.Wireless Access PointsA wireless access point (WAP) is an intermediary device in a network that connects various types of wireless communication devices to connect with wireless networks. The connectivity is made possible through 'Bluetooth' and 'Wifi technologies'. It acts as an intermediary between wireless devices and wired devices that are part of a network.HubWorking at the physical layer of the OSI model, a hub is basically a connector between ethernet segments which also control the bandwidth sharing among connected computer terminals.RepeaterRepeaters are network devices that carry out the task of maintaining signal strength over its transmission through a network. They regenerate data signals and amplify them for further transmission.FirewallA firewall is one of the most important intermediary devices in any network. A firewall is any hardware appliance or software designed to filter network traffic that passes through it according to certain criteria and trust levels set by the network administrator.These were some of the most common intermediary devices that are part of every computer network at any scale. Some other examples of intermediary network devices are proxy servers, gateways and digital media receivers. Without them, the working of a computer network would be next to impossible!