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The light from Andromeda is blue shifted because that galaxy is approaching ours. We will eventually collide, as we have probably done in the past.
Much the same as ours. Stars and planetary bodies, gas clouds etc
Much the same as ours. Stars and planetary bodies, gas clouds etc
Basically, the same characteristics that the stars in the Milky Way - our own galaxy - have. Aside from the fact that Andromeda is somewhat bigger, the two galaxies are thought by astronomers to be very much alike. When Edwin Hubble studied the Andromeda Galaxy in the early 20th century, he was able to discern within it several "Cephid variable" stars, which proved, among other things, that Andreomeda was a galaxy, like ours. Prior to that time, it was believed that the Milky Way was the only galaxy - the others were "clouds".
Empty space , maybe dark matter and dark energy. Then there are other galaxies (about 100 billion of them that we could see if we looked). A galaxy that is close to ours is Andromeda which may be similar in shape to the Milky Way (some recent research claims that the Milky was is not a spiral galaxy at all but a barred elliptical galaxy). Andromeda is about 2 million light years away.
The Andromeda system.
In 2.5 billion years.
The closest galaxy to the Milky Way is the Andromeda galaxy.
The light from Andromeda is blue shifted because that galaxy is approaching ours. We will eventually collide, as we have probably done in the past.
Milky Way Galaxy (ours)Andromeda galaxy.Pinwheel GalaxySunflower GalaxyWhirlpool GalaxyTriangulum Galaxy
Much the same as ours. Stars and planetary bodies, gas clouds etc
Much the same as ours. Stars and planetary bodies, gas clouds etc
Ours is the Milky Way Galaxy. Some others are Andromeda, The Tadpole Galaxy, Centaurus A, Draco Dwarf, Papillion, and the farthest known galaxy, UDFj-39546284.
The nearest big galaxy is Andromeda, but the Milky Way has several neighborhood mini-galaxies. The most significant are the Magellanic clouds.
Roughly 25.4 Milky Ways.
No human probes, no. The Andromeda Galaxy is simply too far away. It is about 2.5 million light years away, meaning that even at the speed of light it would take 2.5 million years to reach it, and no manmade probe can travel anywhere near that fast. Currently the furthest man-made probe is about 16 light ours from Earth, and it took nearly 35 years to get that far. Though technically we have no way of knowing if there is intelligent life somehwere in the Andromeda Galaxy that might be exploring their own solar system with probes.
By definition the question is incorrect. There are not only 2 galaxies in our universe, but billions. Each galaxy is a different size and is made up of millions or stars and planets. Our galaxy is called the Milky-Way, and our closest neighbouring galaxy is called the Andromeda galaxy.