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Nehemiah built the wall 542 B.C
Get the Walls of Jerusalem built after the Captivity
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If memory serves, Nehemiah.
Nehemiah supervised the building of the city walls. The second Temple, built by many of the people at roughly the same time, took some five years to build.
Nehemiah rebuilt Jerusalem's wall in only 52 days. It made the city smaller than the original boundaries. The wall is made from stone and mortar with gates. One side is built on the slope.
Solomon oversaw the building of the first Temple. Ezra, Nehemiah, and Zerrubabel oversaw the building of the second Temple; and Herod oversaw massive renovations to the second Temple several decades before it was destroyed by the Romans.
The First Temple (built by Solomon) and the Second Temple (built by Nehemiah under direction of Ezra, then greatly improved by Herod the Great) were built in the same location (Mount Zion/Mount Moriah) in Jerusalem.
The book of Nehemiah tells the story of the rebuilding of the wall. Specifically Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6 talk about the rebuilding. In chapter 7:1 it begins with "Now it came to pass, when the wall was built..."
No. Nehemiah's wall was a fortification structure that surrounded the Old City of Jerusalem and has since been completely destroyed. The Western Wall is a retaining wall within the city to make the Great Temple esplanade level.
None. Jerusalem was a city built originally by Proto-Canaanites and developed by the Jebusites before the Israelites conquered the city and made it their capital.
Jerusalem was the location of both of the temples built by the Israelites to God. The site is where the present Dome of the Rock now stands.