The traditional Advent wreath has 4 candles, each representing 1000 years that the Jews awaited the birth of the Messiah for a total of 4000 years. Three candles are violet and one is rose colored, representing the half way mark of Advent. Some have added a fifth candle, the Christmas Candle, which is white.
There are four candles on the outside of the Advent wreath. There is one pink candle and three purple candles.
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Four, they represent the four Sundays of Advent.
The candles on the Advent wreath represent the coming of the light of Christ. The three purple candles represent hope, love, and peace.
An advent wreath normally contains four candles, three violet for penance, and one rose candle for joy, that is for the third Sunday of Advent.
Advent candles are typically lit in a clockwise manner. Each candle represents a week of Advent, and the candles are usually arranged in a circular wreath. Starting from the first Sunday of Advent, the candles are lit one by one in order, moving clockwise around the wreath.
The U.S. uses it
Each candle on an Advent wreath represents one of the Sundays of Advent. A candle is lighted at the beginning of Mass on that Sunday. An Advent wreath in the home is lite for whatever reason that person has an Advent wreath. They are not an official liturgical thing.
The first candle is lit on the first Sunday of Advent. Each succeeding Sunday an additional candle is lit until all four are lit on the forth Sunday of Advent.
The Advent Wreath was originally a Lutheran tradition which marks the four weeks of Advent. Made of evergreen branches layed horizontally, is had four candles representing the weeks. We use the Advent Wreath today but it is refered to as a Christmas wreath.