The answer is Valence Electrons.
Atoms want a full number of electrons in their outer shell, which is why atoms with only one electron missing from their outer shell are most reactive, because they are close to completing that shell. Electrons as such are half-spin particles or fermions. A single particle electron orbital (intended as a solution of a 1-D Schrödinger equation) with occupancies 0 and 1 can have 2 allowed quantum states. Electrons are seen as indistinguishable particles in quantum mechanics. In other words electron 1 is the same as electron 2. We can then state that any electron of appropriate energy will be able to occupy the outermost shell of an element.
8 electrons
8
8
valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level
Yes. Valence electrons are the electrons found in the outermost shell / energy level
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level.
Helium only needs 2 valence electrons to have a filled outermost energy level.
Atoms can fill their outermost energy level by either gaining electrons from other atoms or by sharing the outermost electrons with another atom.
They can either gain, share, or lose electrons to have a full energy level
8
8
valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level
Carbon has four electrons in the outermost energy level, which is energy level two. It needs eight electrons to have this energy level filled.
Halogens have six valence electrons in the outermost energy level.
they need to either gain or lose electrons to create an octet. It depends on the atom. an octet is when an atom has a full outermost energy level
Calcium atoms have 8 electrons in the second energy level. However, they are not the valence electrons. The outermost electrons in a calcium atom in the ground state are 2 4s electrons. So calcium atoms in the ground state have 2 valence electrons in the fourth energy level.
The chloride ion (Cl-) has 8 electrons on the outermost energy level.
2. the number of electrons on the outermost level is always equal to the group number. Barium is group 2 therefore it's outermost energy level contains 2 electrons
The most stable atoms/ions have 8 electrons in their outermost shell.