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If you locate Argon (Ar) on the Periodic Table, you will see that it has an atomic weight 39.95 which is rounded up to 40 (hence Ar-40.) The number, 18, located at the top of Argon is it's atomic number which is a fancy way of saying "number of protons."

The atomic weight we were just talking about is the sum of the protons+neutrons. Since we are given the atomic weight and the atomic number (remember "number of protons"):

Atomic weight + Atomic number = Number of neutrons

39.95 18 22

Finding the number of electrons is the simplest part. In any atom (assuming that the atom's charge is balanced,) the number of electrons equals the number of protons. You will in most cases be assuming that the # of electrons equal the # of protons. Don't scare yourself and make it harder than it seems

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How many protons does Calcium-40 have?

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