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During embryologic development, there are two umbilical veins, left and right, that drain blood from the placenta to the heart. The right umbilical vein regresses and under normal circumstances is completely obliterated during the second month of development. The left umbilical vein persists and delivers blood from the placenta to the developing fetus. The diameter of the intra-abdominal umbilical vein increases linearly, from 3 mm at 15 weeks of gestation to 8 mm at term.

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