It could be called a theocracy, or government by the law of a deity or deities. Where the governing individuals do not profess to be divine themselves, it is more properly called an ecclesiocracy.
Athenian
"Government by the few" is known as oligarchy.
Theocracy.
Citizens are expected to participate more actively in a democracy. in a republic, citizens do not participate as directly.
Autocracy (ruled by one individual), Democracy (ruled by the people or citizens), and Oligarchy, (ruled by a small segment of society i.e based on wealth).
South Africa was once a racial oligarchy ruled by the white citizens and is now governed by a parliamentary system.
South Africa
Britain / England ruled all citizens without representation in Colonial America. The British had (have still) a monarchy. With the American Revolution, citizens fought for Independence from Britain, in part to end having no representation. The form of government that the Articles of Confederation established, and the US Constitution further defined and clarified, was a Republic form of government.
Yes, because the Greeks had many styles of governments like Monarchy and Oligarchy and Democracy. In the US we have Monarchy which was ruled by 1 person and Democracy which was ruled by citizens and citizens are aloud to vote. We have democracy because of the voting and we have the Monarchy for the 1 ruler.
the government discouraged foreign visitors, banned travel abroad for any reason but military ones, frowned upon citizens who studies arts and literature, and two kings headed a council of elders.
Pericles ruled during the golden age of Athens
Japan was an empire at the time, ruled by their emperor Hirihito.