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Cache memory necessarily has a smaller latency than RAM. The entire purpose of a memory cache is to reduce memory-access overhead by exploiting the principle of 'program locality' (the idea that any datum that is used at a particular point in a program is highly likely to be used again within a short period).

There are several levels of cache used in modern architectures, both on and off-chip. A modern processor will have at least a level-1 and level-2 cache on-die, with chips like the AMD Phenom II and the Intel Core i7 having L3 caches also on-chip.

The speed difference between an L1 cache and RAM latency can be anywhere between 5x to 100x faster.

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