A photovoltaic cell is an active transducer. This is commonly referred to as a strain gauge or simply known as a solar panel.
thermocouple, photoelectric transducer, photovoltaic cell, piezoelectric transducer
Cathode
If the photo cell was on during the short circuit then the chances of damage to the photo cell are at a minimum. If the short circuit occurred when the photo cell was operated then yes damage to the internal contacts of the photo cell could have happened. What happens is, the short circuit is downstream from the photo cell and when the contacts of the relay close in the photo cell the dead short is applied to the contact faces of the relay. This is somewhat like striking an arc with a welded with the same results, the contact faces weld close and the circuits breaker trips to open the short circuit. With the pole faces of the photo cell's relay closed it gives the illusion that the photo cell is not operating. The photo cell's circuitry will be working but the relay will not drop the circuit open because of the welded contact in the relay.
A cell pointer in excel is just the cell where you point the cursor in which its row and column can be seen is called a cell pointer.
Electromotive force (emf, ) is a term used to characterize electrical devices, such as voltaic cells, thermoelectric devices, electrical generators and transformers, and even resistors. For a given device, if an electric charge Q passes through that device, and gains an energy W, the net emf for that device is the energy gained per unit charge, or W/Q. This has SI units of volts, or joules per coulomb, and hence can be thought of as a voltage induced by the device in question. Since force has the SI unit of the Newton, "electromagnetic force" is a misnomer, but one that over time has resisted change. In most circuits current is driven by a so-called "source of emf", which usually is a voltaic cell (or battery, which consists of voltaic cells in series and/or in parallel) or the power company. For a voltaic cell the source of emf is the chemical reactions that occur at each of the electrode-electrolyte interfaces, so that a voltaic cell can be thought of as two "surface pumps" of atomic dimension. The reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces provide the "seat" of emf for the voltaic cell. For the power company, the source of emf is electromagnetic induction, which is more extended than an atomic size, but nevertheless is confined to the power generation building, usually many miles from the user. Sources of electromotive force include electric generators (both alternating current and continuous current types), batteries, and thermocouples (in a heat gradient). Electromotive force is often denoted by or ℰ (script capital E). Electromotive force is measured in volts (in the International System of Units equal in amount to a joule per coulomb of electric charge). Electromotive force in electrostatic units is the statvolt (in the centimeter gram second system of units equal in amount to an erg per electrostatic unit of charge).
Thermocouple is one example. Photo voltaic cell
photo voltaic cells
To create a wind turbine and photo voltaic cell hybrid model to generate 2 watt power you must set up a photo-voltaic solar-cell array and a mast mounted wind generator.
thermocouple, photoelectric transducer, photovoltaic cell, piezoelectric transducer
A photo-voltaic cell.
photo-electic or photo-voltaic cell also known as a solar panel
A photo-voltaic solar cell
A photo voltaic cell
Sunlight hitting a photo-voltaic cell, often charging a small battery.
A photo-voltaic cell, as used in solar electricity production
photo emission cell
The voltaic cell has but one electolyte, see Voltaic Pile. The Daniell cell is an improvement on the voltaic cell using two electolytes and solves the problem with polarization.