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it's electron-withdrawing group.
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Why does electron withdrawing groups increase acidity?
Assuming the groups are conjugated to the acid/base groups: An acid wants to lose a proton. When it loses a proton, you form an anion (or a neutral molecule, but when talking about electron donating/withdrawing groups, you assume there is a charge). The more stable the anion, the more easily the proton comes off, and the more acidic it is. A base is the opposite. A base gains a proton to become cationic. The more stable the cation, the more likely it is to pick up a proton, and the more basic it is. An electron withdrawing group can stabilize an anion (and thus make something more acidic) and an electron donating group can stabilze a cation (and make something more basic). The opposites also hold true: an electron donating group can destabilize an anion and make something less acidic, and vice versa for bases.
Why nitro group is formed on ortho and para position?
orientation of incoming Nitro group is destined by already present group on benzene ring . if already present group is electron donating group, it will promote electron density at ortho and para position and , therefore, nitro group is formed on ortho and para position.
Which is a stronger acid cresol or phenol?
Phenol is more acidic because cresol has +I effect of CH3 grup as you know acidity is reciprocal of +I effect. OR Cresol has electron donating methyl group, whih reduces its electron defficiency of the phenol group and hence acidity.
Why acetic acid is weaker than iodoacetic acid?
Yes. due to the presence of electron withdrawing iodo group, iodoacetic acid will be stronger than acetic acid.
Elements in Group 1 become more stable by what an electron?
Elements in group two become more stable as they all have complete electron shell.They do not have valence electrons and hence they are less reactive.Some of the elements of group 2 are Barium,Magnesium and Calcium
How can the hydrolysis rate of prodrugs be accelerated?
If the base hydrolysis mechanism is important, an electron withdrawing group can be attached to the prodrug. If the acid hydrolysis mechanism is important, an electron donating group can be attacked to the prodrug.
Is alkyle group is electron withdrawing?
no!
List of electron withdrawing group?
the halogens are electron withdrawing groups. e.g. F, Cl, etc
Why does electron withdrawing groups increase acidity?
Assuming the groups are conjugated to the acid/base groups: An acid wants to lose a proton. When it loses a proton, you form an anion (or a neutral molecule, but when talking about electron donating/withdrawing groups, you assume there is a charge). The more stable the anion, the more easily the proton comes off, and the more acidic it is. A base is the opposite. A base gains a proton to become cationic. The more stable the cation, the more likely it is to pick up a proton, and the more basic it is. An electron withdrawing group can stabilize an anion (and thus make something more acidic) and an electron donating group can stabilze a cation (and make something more basic). The opposites also hold true: an electron donating group can destabilize an anion and make something less acidic, and vice versa for bases.
Is OH group electron donating or electron withdrawing?
"OH" group attached to aromatic ring is electrons donor because it has two lone pairs of electrons on oxygen atom which may involve in resonance process, but "OH" group attached to saturated carbon act as electrons attracting group due to high electronegativity of oxygen.
Why is ethanol a weaker acid than water?
Beacuse ethanol has a CH3,CH2 group, which are electron donating group and decreases the acidity of the compound. Water on the other hand does not have any electron donating group.
Why benzoic acid is comaritively weaker acid than acetic acid?
Because acetic acid have methyl group ,a electron donating group
What makes penicillin V more stable than penicillin G?
because electron-withdrawing group on side chain
Why nitro group is formed on ortho and para position?
orientation of incoming Nitro group is destined by already present group on benzene ring . if already present group is electron donating group, it will promote electron density at ortho and para position and , therefore, nitro group is formed on ortho and para position.
Why alkyl group is an electron donating group when attached to a pi system please explain?
Alkyl groups are electron donating because they have a lower electronegativity than the atoms in the pi system (such as carbon or nitrogen). The alkyl group donates electron density to the pi system through its sigma bonds, thereby increasing the electron density in the pi system. This electron donation stabilizes the pi system and can affect its reactivity.
Why nitration of toluene is easier than benzene?
Hi ,As you know from the structures of both the compounds that toluene has a methyl group on the benzene ring which is electron releasing group and hence activate the benzene ring by pushing the elctrons on the benzene ring. On the other hand nitro group on the benzene ring is electron withdrawing group which deactivates the benzene ring by withdrawing the electrons from the benzene ring . Now in the nitration attack of the nucleophile ( NO2 +) takes place. Hence reaction will takes place on that benzene faster which have more electron density on its ring which is the case of toluene.
Which is a stronger acid cresol or phenol?
Phenol is more acidic because cresol has +I effect of CH3 grup as you know acidity is reciprocal of +I effect. OR Cresol has electron donating methyl group, whih reduces its electron defficiency of the phenol group and hence acidity.
